THE HUMAN BODY : THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

Bones for support Skeletal system 206 bones in the body Is a framework of bones and other tissues that support the body. 206 bones in the body Gives your body structure and protects your internal organs.

Bones also…. Store calcium and other minerals called blood cells. A place where two bones meet are called JOINTS!!

Bone marrow is soft tissue in the center of the bone where red and white blood cells are formed.

The skeletal system is also made up of joints. 3 basic types: Ball and Socket allow for rotation and movement in many directions. Shoulder or hip Hinge  allow only back and forth movement. elbow, fingers, knee Gliding  allow side to side and back and forth. vertebrae in your spine, wrist, and feet.

The Muscular system Muscles = movement Two major groups: Voluntary  muscle you can control Involuntary functions on it’s own 3 different types of muscle: Smooth Striated Cardiac

Striated muscle Also called skeletal muscle. Is a voluntary form of muscle tissue that attaches to the bone.

Smooth muscle Involuntary and found in the internal organs.

Cardiac muscle The heart is made up of a special type of muscle. It squeezes and relaxes every second of every day to pump blood through your body.

Circulatory/Cardiovascular System The body system that transports nutrients, gases, hormones, and cellular waste products. It consists of blood, blood vessels, and the heart.

Blood Carries nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and cellular waste products to and from the cells. RED BLOOD CELL ( RBC) transports oxygen to the body cells and removes the carbon dioxide from the cells. This process is assisted by hemoglobin. New RBC’s are constantly produced in bone marrow.

BLOOD White Blood cells is a blood cell that attacks, surrounds, and destroys pathogens that enter the body and prevents infections.

Blood vessels 3 types: Arteriescarries blood away from the heart Coronary artery supply nutrients and O2 to the heart muscle Pulmonary artery carries blood from heart to the lungs. Veins return blood to the heart Capillaries allow transfer nutrients, O2, CO2, and cellular wasted between the blood and body cells.

Heart Made up of 4 chambers Right atrium and ventricle blood that is poor in O2 returning from the body constantly flows here. Blood is then pumped through the pulmonary artery to the lungs where CO2 is released and O2 is absorbed around air sacs and lungs. O2 rich blood flows into the left atrium and ventricle Aorta main artery in the body that sends O2 filled blood to the organs and repeats the cycle.

Blood Flow