Primatology Unit 3 - Chapter 12

Zoological Taxonomy of Humans Kingdom Animals Phylum Chordates Subphylum Vertebrates Class Mammals Infraclass Eutherians Order Primates Suborder Anthropoids Superfamily Hominoids Family Honimids Tribe Hominins Genus Humans Species Homo Sapiens Our nearest ____________________ relative (animals with which we share a common ancestry) are members of the order ____________________.

Carolus __________________ Named us _____________________ & placed us in the order of ______________ Homo sapiens - literally, means “_______________________________”

New World Primates (Monkeys) only found in _______________________________ & live in ________________________ _______________ -nosed - nostrils have wide ___________________ & face outward long _____________________ which is known as ____________________________ tails Have __________ premolars - Molars are _______________________ have ______________________ colors and ___________________ body with lots of ____________ that made them look _____________ ____________________________ they live on _____________________ and ___________ _______________________ parent the infant –____________________ only feed infant EXAMPLES: Capuchin Monkeys| Squirrel Monkeys | Tamarin Monkeys| Spider Monkeys

Old World Primates (Monkeys) __________________________ & __________________________________ Various __________________________ & spend most of their day ___________________________________________________ ________________________ septum and their nostrils face _________________________ ___________ premolars - Teeth are two sharply connected ______________ Have ____________ body size which have ___________________________ colors especially on ________________________________________ ____________________ they live on _____________________________________________ ________________________________ have anything to do with ____________________ EXAMPLES: macaque, baboons, mandrill, colobus monkeys

The following species are primates: __________________ = (chimps, gorillas, orangutans, & gibbons) _________________ = (baboons, spider monkeys, etc.) __________________ & Tarsiers (pronounciation = tar-see-er)

Our Place Among Primates

Apes are our closest relatives. Similarities are evident in ______________, _________________-structure, genetics, and __________________________________.

________________ and humans belong to the same taxonomic ___________________________ -__________________________ (Hominoids)‏

Apes and humans are ________________________ related to each other than either is to ____________________. ________________ and ___________________ are included along with humans as hominids ______________________ are not

Primate Tendencies - Grasping ________-digited hands suited for _______________ flexible _________________ and _________________ (encircle branches)‏ __________________________________________ (can touch other fingers)‏ some have grasping ___________________________

Smell to Sight For primates, _______________ is the key means of obtaining ___________________________ ____________________________ vision(depth of field)‏ __________________________ vision Eyes___________________ in _________________ looking directly ahead (no snout)‏ superior ______________________ at expense of reduced sense of _____________________________

Superior vision allows primates to: Distinguish ________________ fruits, berries, etc. ___________________ themselves and ________________ (remove ______________, etc. from hair) Grooming is one way of __________________ and maintaining _______________________________.

Nose To Hand Touch is the ___________________ primary means of obtaining information. Main tactile organ is _____________, specifically _________________________ region (not nose and whiskers)‏ _________________ and ________________ senses are interrelated (pick-up and appraise small objects)

Brain Complexity Ratio of brain size to body size _________________ other ____________________________________ Brains _________________________(concerned with ___________________, association and integration) is relatively ____________________ _________________ storage in memory allows larger capacity for ___________________________ (especially from experience)

Parental Involvement Young primates receive ___________ ___________________ and have more ______________________ opportunities. ______________________ offspring _______________________ behavior is an important part of _______________________ adaptation

Sociality live with _______________________ of their species social groups provide __________________