Changing trading and political relationships ‘Uganda: A Case Study of a LIC’ by Owen and Witts 2017 and associated resources are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Starter: Your teacher will give you a card showing an event from Uganda’s history. Add your card to the timeline at the front of the room. Review the timeline as a class - does anything need to be moved? Check the order of the cards using the next slides. How might these political events influence trade?

500-BC - 1300AD Bantu-speaking people migrate to the area and establish the state of Buganda.

1862 John Speke is the first European to visit Buganda. He is a British explorer.

1894-1900 Britain takes control of the area whilst recognising the Buganda king (the kabaka) as ruler. The British call the area Uganda.

1962 Uganda gains independence from Britain. Mutesa II, the Buganda king, becomes president. Milton Obote is prime minister.

1967 A new constitution is written which abolishes Uganda’s tribal kingdoms and makes Obote president.

1971 Obote is ousted from the presidency during a military coup. Military leader Idi Amin becomes president.

1978 Amin attacks Tanzania, prompting Tanzanian troops to invade Uganda. Amin is forced out of Uganda in the next year. Obote becomes president again.

1986 Yoweri Museveni becomes president. Uganda becomes more stable politically.

1993 The constitution is amended, restoring the kingdom of Buganda and other kingdoms.

2000 Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya form the East African Community and pledge cooperation.

Lesson Objectives Understand how Uganda became a country and key events in its history Use a flow line map to explore trading patterns with the wider world Consider how political and trading relationships with the wider world have changed over time

Key Term: Trade The buying and selling of goods and services between countries.

East African Community - A trade bloc or more? Rwanda and Burundi joined Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda in the EAC in 2007. The EAC vision is To set up a prosperous, competitive, secure, stable and politically united East Africa To provide a platform to widen and deepen Economic, Political, Social and Culture integration in order to improve the quality of the life of people of East Africa through increased competitiveness, value added production, trade and investments From: https://www.mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/east-african-community-april-2011.pdf

Who does Uganda trade with? Look at http://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/uga/ What does this tell us about the countries Uganda exports goods to? What does it tell us about the countries Uganda imports goods from? Can you suggest reasons for any patterns you observe?

TASK: Uganda Trade Flow Line Map Add flow lines to a world map to show the trade flows in the table below. Use different colour lines for imports and exports. The width of your line should represent the value of trade; add a key to show this. Value of exports from Uganda (2015) Value of imports to Uganda (2015) Kenya - $412M India - $1090M South Sudan - $234M China - $863M Rwanda - $230M Kenya - $534M Democratic Republic of Congo - $152M United Arab Emirates - $383M Italy - $119M Japan - $322M For advice on how to draw flow maps see: http://gisgeography.com/flow-maps/

Changes in trading patterns When Uganda was a British colony it mainly traded with Britain. The British Cotton Growing Association was keen for the colonies to grow cotton for British mills. Uganda was also a source of sugar for Britain. Price control of cotton grown in Uganda was one of the issues which led to riots by Baganda in 1949 and led eventually to independence for Uganda. Britain is not one of Uganda’s main trading partners today - why do you think this is?

Key Term: Commonwealth The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of 53 independent and equal sovereign states, which were mostly territories of the former British Empire. It is home to 2.2 billion citizens. Member states have no legal obligation to one another. Instead, they are united by language, history, culture and their shared values of democracy, human rights and the rule of law. Uganda is part of the Commonwealth.

Changes in political relationships Colonisation once closely linked Uganda and Britain and Uganda is still part of the Commonwealth. Oil was found by a British company in Uganda in 2009. However, in recent years Uganda has been keen to develop its relationship with its neighbours through the East African Community. There has been tension between Uganda and the Western world over the anti- homosexuality bill, which was passed in 2013 and increased the punishment for homosexual acts to life imprisonment. The World Bank postponed a $90M loan because of this and the US imposed sanctions.

Exam alert! For an example of a LIC/NEE you have studied, discuss how changing political and trading relationships have influenced trade with the wider world (6 marks)

Self assess your answer and make improvements Level 1 (1-2 marks) - Basic - Demonstrates limited knowledge of locations, places and environments. Shows limited geographical understanding of how changing political and trade relationships have influenced Uganda’s trade with the world. Level 2 (3-4 marks) - Clear - Demonstrates accurate knowledge of locations, places and environments. Shows sound geographical understanding of how changing political and trade relationships have influenced Uganda’s trade with the world. Level 3 (5-6 marks) - Detailed - Demonstrates thorough application of knowledge and understanding. Provides a well developed discussion.

Reflection... What do you think would happen to trade and political relationships if...

...Uganda left the Commonwealth?

...Uganda repealed its anti-homosexuality act?

...large amounts of oil were found in Uganda

...Kenya and Uganda fell into conflict?

Homework (flipped learning) What is a NGO? Which NGOs operate in Uganda?