Monarchs following the rules? Constitutional Monarchy – Power of the King and/or Queen is limited under the law. Have the monarchs of England followed the Magna Carta?? Do you remember learning about the Magna Carta??

Review from 6th grade! Magna Carta Created after a rebellion in 1215 against King John of England King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta King John was a corrupt absolute monarch of England who angered all those under the influence of his power. (You read a “play” last year about King John being forced to sign the Magna Carta at Runnymede)

Magna Carta Stated that monarchs had to obey the law like everyone else (Rule of Law) Stated that monarchs have to apply laws equally (Common Law) Gave people rights to speech, property & press (Common Law)

Magna Carta Stated that monarchs had to listen to Parliament/Prime Minister for advice Stated that monarchs cannot tax whenever they want Stated that monarchs had to grant everyone a Jury Trial before convicting someone (prove their guilty).

Constitutional Monarchs From England Why can’t they tax whenever they want? Why were they not above the law? Who did they have to listen to for advice? Why did they have to apply their laws equally? What gave the people rights to speech, property & press? Why couldn’t the monarch convict anyone he wanted? Magna Carta Rule of Law Parliament/PM Common Law Common Law Jury Trial

Reflection/Discussion Which monarchs were more powerful –absolute of Europe or constitutional of England? Which type of monarch would the enlightened thinkers Voltaire, Rousseau, Locke and Motesquieu most like? Why?

English Civil War Before watching, flip your worksheet over. You will answer these questions as you watch! Causes of English Civil War -YouTube

English Civil War Parliament demanded that its rights and powers be respected. Representatives of Parliament led by Oliver Cromwell took over England during the Civil War (Parliament wins). The king, Charles I, was charged with various crimes and was beheaded in 1649. Cromwell became a dictator.

How to fix the enlightenment “problem” in England… Cromwell took over because of the mistreatment by the monarchy… but was he doing a better job as a dictator?? By 1660, only 11 years after Cromwell took over, the English people wanted to restore the monarchy. They invited the dead king’s son to return and rule England as Charles II.

Was all progress lost?? The people of England made Charles II promise to allow Parliament to keep the powers it had won in the civil war. Powers included the right to approve new taxes. Parliament and Charles II worked well together.

Would this understanding between the monarch and Parliament continue? When Charles II died his brother James became the king and trouble began again. James II tried to promote his Catholic beliefs in England (which was a Protestant country). Parliament invited the Protestant William of Orange (James’s son-in-law) to invade England. When William and his wife Mary arrived in England in 1688, James and his family fled.

William & Mary rule England After James’ retreat, Parliament offered the throne to William and Mary but on one condition. William and Mary had to accept the English Bill of Rights (listed rights for Parliament and the English people). English Bill of Rights drew on the principles of the Magna Carta, which pervious monarchs had not honored. Divine right to rule ended in England!

Questions to answer on your worksheet… How did enlightenment thinkers in England lead to the “Glorious Revolution”? What was the overall outcome of the “Glorious Revolution”? Would you consider the revolution to be glorious? Why or why not??