Tools of the Trade Contren # 40102-07

1.0.0 Introduction to Hand Tools Installation and Service personnel use a variety of specialized hand tools. This presentation is a brief summary of some of these tools.

2.0.0 General Hand Tool Safety Although most hand tools do not present an immediate safety hazard, improper use can result in serious injury. Use the proper tool for the job. Keep tools in good working condition. Know how to use the tool properly.

3.1.0 Strap and Chain Wrenches Comparable to a pipe wrench. For pipe and other round objects. Chain wrench capacity: up to 18” diameter. Will leave marks on the object surface. Strap wrench capacity: up to 12” diameter. For hard or finished surfaces.

3.2.0 Spanner Wrenches Specialty wrench for nuts with holes or slot instead of flat sides. Power tool accessory to remove and install tooling.

3.3.0 Taper Gauge Measures tapered holes and the gap between two surfaces. Measures tapered holes Measures gaps

3.4.0 Pipe and Tubing Cutter Cleanly cuts a round pipe. The attached reamer cleans the inside burr. Pipe Cutter – cuts pipe Tubing Cutter – cuts tubing

3.5.0 Putty Knife and Scraper Scrapes off old gasket material, glue, and other debris from piping and machinery parts. Keep scraper at an effective angle to remove material.

3.6.0 Drift and Barrel Pins Used to align matching holes. Drift pin has taper on one end. Barrel pin has taper on both ends.

3.7.0 Mallets Shape, bend, or move metal parts. Will not mar or deface the metal surface. Lead, brass, wood, leather, plastic, or rubber. Dead-Blow mallets are filled with steel pellets to decrease rebound.

3.8.0 Diagonal Cutters Cuts thin metal, pins, small wire, and other inaccessible items close to the surface.

3.9.0 Tin and Aviation Snips Scissors that cuts straight lines and shapes in sheet metal. Red handle – cuts a curve to the left. Yellow handle – cuts a straight line. Green handle – cuts a curve to the right.

3.10.0 Taps and Dies Taps cut internal threads. Taper tap – easily starts. Bottoming tap – cuts threads to the bottom of a blind hole. Pipe tap – tapered to match NPT standards. Dies cut external threads. Taper Tap Bottoming Tap Die PipeTap

3.11.0 Thread Gauges Measures thread pitch (threads per inch).

3.12.0 Scribers Mark lines on metal. Normally, bluing ink is sprayed on surface to make lines more visible.

3.13.0 Tension Meters Measures belt tension.

3.14.0 Strobe Lights Measures timing of cycling parts.

3.15.0 Sheave Gauges Measures the size, and side wall wear, of sheaves and v-belts.

3.16.0 Cylinder Hones Dress the inside walls of cylinder bores when repairing engines, pumps, compressors, etc. fixed-size cylinder hone spring-loaded cylinder hone

3.17.0 Gear Pullers Pulls a “press-fit” gear or bearing off a shaft. Reversible jaws and a pressure bolt in the center of a yoke. 3-jaw puller slide hammer pusher puller Bearing separator

3.18.0 Packing Pullers Removes packing material from packing glands of valves, pumps, and some motors.

3.19.0 Reamers Cuts precisely dimensioned holes. Drill starter hole with a jobber drill. Reamers cut in the clockwise direction. non-adjustable straight non-adjustable tapered adjustable straight

3.20.0 Inspection Mirrors Viewing of areas that cannot be seen directly.

3.21.0 Retaining Ring Pliers Removing and installing retaining rings.

3.22.0 Extractors Screw extractors – left-hand flutes to thread out a broken bolts and screws. A hole must be drilled into the bolt. Tap extractor – prong ends to thread out a broken tap. screw and bolt extractors also called “easy-out” tap extractor

3.23.0 Feeler Gauges Measures clearance between two parts.

3.24.0 Dial Indicators Precisely measures movement of parts and run-out of rotating parts.

3.25.0 Sleever and Alignment Bars Move, lift, or align heavy equipment. Alignment Bar Sleever Bar

4.0.0 Introduction to Power Tools Installation and Service personnel use a variety of specialized power tools. This presentation is a brief summary of some of these tools.

5.0.0 General Power Tool Safety Almost all power tools present an immediate safety hazard; therefore, improper use can result in serious injury. Use the proper tool for the job. Keep tools in good working condition. Know how to use the tool properly. Never wear loose-fitting clothing. Always wear proper protective equipment.

5.1.0 Electrical Power Tool Safety Do not use in damp or wet conditions. Protect power cords from damage. Assure sufficient wattage power cord for tool. Always use GFCI outlets for power tools. Power cords must be tied at least 7 feet above floor to prevent tripping hazard.

5.2.0 Pneumatic Power Tool Safety Air hoses must be clear of water and debris before attaching to tool. Always check air pressure before use. Always check oil level in compressor. Assure hose pressure capacity before using. Inspect air hoses regularly for damage. Replace, do not repair, a damaged air hose. Do not direct nozzle air flow towards anyone. Do not crimp hose to stop air flow. Air hoses must be tied at least 7 feet above floor to prevent tripping hazard.

6.0.0 Portable Band Saw Used to cut structural material and pipe in the field.

6.2.0 Replacing Portable Band Saw Blades Turn Blade adjustment knob 180*. Turn saw upside-down. Remove worn blade. Insert new blade around pulleys. Turn blade adjustment knob back 180*.

7.0.0 Portable Grinders Used for cleaning scale from metal, beveling pipe ends, removing weld splatter, among many other uses. Portable Grinder Types: End Grinder Angle Grinder Vertical Grinder

7.1.1 End Grinder In-line arrangement for grinding inside small areas with limited work space such as the inside of pipe walls. referred to as “die grinder” referred to as “pencil grinder” sometimes these are referred to as “horizontal grinders”

7.1.2 Angle Grinder Most versatile grinder. Motor and disc spindle at 90* to each other.

7.1.3 Vertical Grinder Motor and disc spindle in line with each other, but set at 90* to handle.

7.2.0 Grinder Accessories Grinding wheels come in a variety of shapes: Disc, cone, wheels, and wire brushes. Direct grinding sparks away from you, co-workers, and other objects. maximum rpm of wheel must be rated higher than rpm of the grinder.

7.2.1 Changing Grinder Accessories Disconnect power supply. Depress spindle lock; turn disc until it locks. Remove locking nut. Remove wheel. Install new wheel. Replace and tighten locking nut.

7.3.0 Pipe Vise Used to hold pipe for cutting and threading.

8.0.0 Pipe Threading Machine Multi-purpose power tool that cuts, threads, and reams pipe stock. Pipe size range from 1/8” to 2” diameter. Always check thread-cutting oil level before using. New threads are correct if you can screw a fitting on the pipe 3-1/2 turns by hand. Universal Die Head – adjust for different pipe sizes.

9.0.0 Geared Threader (Mule) Used to thread pipe from 2-1/2” to 6”. Powered by the Pipe Threading Machine. Be sure that geared threader is secure before using because it develops a lot of torque while threading large pipe. Drive Shaft – connects to a pipe threading machine

10.0.0 Portable Power Drives Hand-held power unit for cutting and threading pipe, driving hoists and winches, and operating large valves.