First Tetrapods on Land

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Amphibian- “Double Life” - Water and land

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Presentation transcript:

First Tetrapods on Land Amphibians First Tetrapods on Land

Class: Amphibia First truly tetrapod vertebrate Ectothermic All amphibians have bony skeletons Most have 4 limbs, except Caecilians (limbless) Many have webbed feet Typically the glandular skin is smooth, moist, and lacks scales Metamorphose from juvenile water breathing to adult air breathing Ecological indicators

Order Anura (Salientia): Frogs and Toads Order Caudata (Urodela): Salamanders, Newts, Waterdogs, Mudpuppies, Sirens, and Amphiuma Order Gymnophiona (Apoda): Caecilians

Class: Amphibia Gas exchange occurs through lungs, gills, and/or the skin Some salamanders have no lungs (secondarily lost) Adults have double circulation Both a pulmonary and a systemic circuit Heart has three chambers Two atria and one ventricle Some mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs in ventricle

Anamniotic egg Jellylike Small-sized unshelled; must develop in water http://epod.usra.edu/archive/images/egg_mass.jpg Jellylike unshelled; must develop in water Small-sized lack large membranes to nourish embryo and store waste Amphibian egg mass

Amphibian development http://www.mybitoftheplanet.com/2002/ http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/ Newt http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/ http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/ Controlled by the hormone thyroxin