U.S. Infancy Aim: Explain the events of the election of 1800. Do Now: Why did Washington and Adams stay neutral?

U.S. Infancy Aim: How did Jefferson apply his views to the presidency? Do Now: How did Jefferson win the election of 1800?

Election of 1800 Electoral College John Adams – 65 votes Thomas Jefferson – 73 votes Aaron Burr – 73 votes Constitution says House of Rep. chooses pres. Hamilton urges Representatives to vote for Jefferson Did not trust Burr Jefferson is elected

Hamilton-Burr Duel Hamilton thought Burr was dangerous for US Helped Jefferson win presidency Worked against Burr in a NY election Burr lost Challenged Hamilton to a duel Hamilton shot and dies next day (1804)

Election of 1800 12th Amendment – Vice-President is no longer the runner up in the electoral college 1804 VP is elected on the same ballot as President

Jefferson’s Philosophy Wanted a country of small, independent farmers Uphold morals and democracy Democratic-Republican Federal government should have less power Congress repeals Alien and Sedition Acts Ends whiskey tax Reduced size of military

U.S. Infancy Aim: How was the Louisiana Purchase significant to US history? Do Now: What established judicial review? What is judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison “midnight judges” who were Federalist appointed by Adams at end of his presidency Marbury appointed as one of “midnight judges” Sec. of State Madison refuses to accept Marbury Marbury sues Madison *Judicial review* – Supreme Court can review a law and judge it to be unconstitutional

The Louisiana Territory In the hands of Spain in 1800 Allowed U.S. to use the Mississippi River Farmers ship goods Trade in New Orleans Vital to farmers’ economic survival

Change in the Territory 1802 – Spain does not allow U.S. goods to move into or past New Orleans Spain cedes (gives) Louisiana Territory to France Jefferson sends minister to France Offer $10 million for New Orleans and West Florida

Louisiana Purchase France willing to sell all of Louisiana Territory Agreed on $15 million for purchase Benefits of territory Cheap land (3 cents an acre) *Doubled size of country* U.S. control of Mississippi

Purchase Constitutionality? Was the purchasing of land by the President legal under the Constitution? By what authority could Jefferson justify the Louisiana Purchase? Government’s treaty making powers Senate approval in 1803 Too good of an opportunity to pass up

Lewis and Clark Expedition Gather information about new land Plants, Animals, Future fort locations Find a Northwest Passage? Dangers – Native Americans, weather, animals

Lewis and Clark Expedition Meriwether Lewis William Clark Detailed journal accounts Crew of 45 men River men Gunsmiths Carpenters Scouts Cook

Lewis and Clark Expedition Encountered many Native American groups Sacagawea – Shoshone woman who joined the expedition as a guide 4,000 miles of traveling until reach Pacific Ocean Spent the winter on coast of the Pacific

NOVEMBER 24, 1805 To make the crucial decision of where to spend the winter, the captains decide to put the matter to a vote. Clark’s slave, York, is allowed to vote – nearly 60 years before slaves in the U.S. would be freed Sacagawea, the Indian woman, votes too – more than a century before either women or Indians are granted the full rights of citizenship.