AIM: to what extent has urbanization altered the planet?

What is urbanization? Living in a city. The process making rural land more urban i.e.: turning a rural area into a city.

Types of Urban Settlements Early Cities (European) Medieval cities (Feudal City) Colonial City Gateway City Planned City Temporary City

Early Cities

What buildings tended to serve as the focal point? Ur

?

Tikal

Tenochtitlan

Mexico City

Rome

Feudal / Medieval (European) Cities

Old Amsterdam

Medieval Paris

19th Century Paris

London Docklands

Temporary Cities

Kraal KwaBulawayo

Kraal

Karakorum

(Modern) Planned Cities Urban planning

? Washington D.C

Yamoussoukra

What does this image of Yamoussoukra remind you of?

Frequently also “Gateway Cities.” Why? Colonial Cities Frequently also “Gateway Cities.” Why?

Cuzco

Take note of the foundation.

Maputo (Lourenzo Marques) , Mozambique

Maputo

Taj Hotel, Mumbai

Mumbai

Gateway Cities

Aim: what are urban hierarchies?

(Population) Size US Hierarchy Unincorporated areas Hamlet Village Town and hinterlands Cities Metropolis Megalopolis (Conurbation) US Hierarchy

Aim: what are urban hierarchies?

Large City (possible Primate City) Rank Size Rule Pn=P1/n Exceptions to the rule? Large City (possible Primate City)

Rank Size Rule Pn=P1/n 0.5 0.25 0.125 1 Examples?

Christaller’s Central Place Theory City Town Village Hamlet Urban Sprawl Exurbanites Edge Cities Metropolitan Area

Central Place Theory as applied to the Tri-State Region

More than just population. Great (World) Cities London New York Tokyo Paris Other Large Cities: Mexico City, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, Los Angeles, Chicago, Moscow, Cairo, Kinshasa, Mumbai, Shanghai, Beijing… More than just population.

World’s Most Populous Cities Tokyo Guangzhou (Canton) Seoul Shanghai Delhi Mumbai Mexico City New York Sao Paolo Manila What about… Lagos Jakarta Cairo Etc.

Aim: how do urban settlements evolve? Transportation, job opportunities, culture, politics and religion all play a role.

Burgess’ Concentric Zone Model Segregation Suburbs Exurbs Exurbanite Burgess’ Concentric Zone Model

Concentric Zone Model

Role of transportation

Transportation, Edge Cities, the Mall (in the USA), high speed rail in Europe.

Alternative culturally influenced models

Alternative culturally influenced models

Alternative culturally influenced models

Fin

Burgess’ Concentric Zone Model Suburbs Exurbs Exurbanite Squatter Camps Ghettoization Gentrification

AIM: urban settlements

Aim: to what extent are urban settlements subject to urban blight or urban renewal?

Suburbs

Urban Renewal and Gentrification What are they? Problems and Benefits? Urban Blight

Urban Blight

H A R L E M

“White Flight” vs. Gentrification

Urban Renewal

Squatter Camp

Favela

Ghetto

Ghetto

Fin