DNA DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double stranded a-helix

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Presentation transcript:

DNA DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double stranded a-helix made of a 5 – carbon sugar (ribose) Makes up the backbone 3’ – 5’ is leading 5’ – 3’ is lagging Both antiparallel to each other A phosphate group (PO4) attaches the 5’ C of one ribose molecule to the 3’ of the next Called a phosphodiester bond (R-O-P-O-R) a nucleotide (A, C, T, or G) is attached to the 1’ carbon of the ribose molecule Nucleotide attached to the ribose by a glycosidic bond Nucleotides are bound to each other by a series of H-bonds

Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids carry the genetic information in genes that is necessary to assemble all of the macromolecules of the body. There are 2 types of nucleic acids: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA- ATCG) and ribonucleic acid (RNA-AUCG). Removed in DNA

Classes of Nucleic Acids Pyrimidines 6 member ring of carbon and nitrogen Cytosine (C), Thymine (T), & Uracil (U) T - only in DNA, U - only in RNA, & C - both DNA & RNA RNA DNA Nucleoside triphosphate

Classes of Nucleic Acids Purines Are larger with a 6 member ring of carbon and nitrogen fused to a 5 member ring Adenine (A), and Guanine (G) A & G are found in both DNA & RNA

Chargaff’s Rule Human DNA showed the following: The similarity of A/T & C/G became known as Chargaff's rule. Complimentary Base Pairing C pairs with G Triple H-bond A pairs with T or U Double H-bond