1. DNA The Structure of DNA

2. What does the DNA of all these organisms have in common? They all share a universal genetic code.

3. What was this substance called? DNA

4. Oswald Avery Avery’s team determined that genes are composed of DNA Chromosome Gene DNA

5. very large linear molecules examples: DNA and RNA contain C, H, N, O, P sugar phosphate nitrogen base nucleotide store genetic information, help to make proteins made up of nucleotides containing a sugar, phosphate and a N-base DNA molecule sugar phosphate nitrogen base

6. A NUCLEOTIDE H H2H2 H H H3H3 H H H H H O O O CC C N N P O O O C C C C C O O O C C 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. Phosphate Group 2. 5-Carbon Sugar (Dexoyribose or Ribose) 3. Nitrogen Base 1. Phosphate Group 2. 5-Carbon Sugar (Dexoyribose or Ribose) 3. Nitrogen Base Nucleotides, too

7. What is located in the nucleus? What type of organic compound is DNA? What is the monomer of DNA?

8. Nucleotides There are four nitrogen bases making up four different nucleotides. Adenine Guanine Thymine Cytosine Pyrimidines Purines A C G T N base

9. Chargaff’s Base Pair Rules Adenine always bonds with thymine. Adenine (A) to Thymine (T) Guanine always bonds with Cytosine. Guanine (G) to Cytosine (C) The lines between the bases represent hydrogen bonds A C G T

10. C G A A T G Nucleotide P S N-b Pairing DNA Nucleotides What is a nucleotide? Rule A to C to T G What is the base pairing rule?What would be the complementary nucleotide pairing?

11. 3’End 5’End DNA DOUBLE HELIX ladder shaped molecule

12. Purpose of DNA Why do we have DNA? DNA contains our genetic codes For what does it code? for proteins What actually makes you look the way you do - DNA or Proteins?

13. TRY THIS! Answer: DNA left strand: ACTTAGGCGTCA DNA right strand: TGAACCGCAGT

14. What is RNA? RNA stands for RiboNucleic Acid DNA must have a “helper” molecule. RNA is a single stranded nucleic acid made up of monomers called nucleotides sugar phosphate nitrogen base

15. A B C RNA Nucleotides A - Sugar (ribose) B - Phosphate C - Nitrogen base sugar phosphate nitrogen base Name the parts of the nucleotide.

16. TRY THIS! TICKET TO LEAVE Write one question that would be a good test question on this material. Write the answer on the back.