Reading and Writing about Poetry

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Presentation transcript:

Reading and Writing about Poetry ENC 1102 Brown 7/15/2012

What is Poetry? Undefinable Unmistakable Is Shakespeare poetry? What about “Who Let the Dogs Out”?

What is Poetry? Uses more concentrated language Requires closer reading than fiction Often helps to read out loud Often helps to paraphrase, or rewrite using your own prose

Poetic Devices

Figures of Speech Denotation = literal meanings Bird = a type of animal Connotation = associated meanings Bird = fragility, vulnerability, the sky, or freedom Might vary from time, place and culture Light vs. lite beer Simile: comparison of two seemingly unlike objects, using “like,” “as,” etc. Metaphor: like a simile, but without the linking words

Persona The speaker may or may not be the same as the poet Sometimes the poet will create a persona, or character (similar to narrator), that tells the poem Pay attention to how favorably you respond to the persona Pay attention to the persona’s situation Pay attention to the persona’s diction Example: Eminem’s Stan

Diction Poetic diction Formal diction Middle diction Informal diction Extremely elevated word choices (e.g. Shakespeare) Formal diction Dignified, impersonal and elevated word choices (e.g. wedding invitation) Middle diction Less formal word choices (e.g. college paper) Informal diction Conversational, and colloquial (slang) word choices

Repetition and Rhyme Alliteration: repeat letter sounds Consonance: repeat consonant sounds Assonance: repeat vowel sounds End rhyme and rhyme scheme: pattern of rhyming words at the end of each line

Rhythm and Meter Rhythm refers to stressed and unstressed syllables Stressed get more emphasis than unstressed The pattern of stresses makes up the meter We measure the meter using scansion We typically use ͝ to mark unstressed and ʹ for stressed

Units of Meter A foot is the basic unit of meter, and usually consists of two syllables: Iamb: ͝͝͝ ʹ Trochee: ʹ ͝͝͝ Anapest: ͝͝͝ ͝͝͝ ʹ Dactyl: ʹ ͝͝͝ ͝͝͝ Spondee: ʹ ʹ Iambic feet are the most common in English poetry

Units of Meter A line is measured by the number of feet it contains Monometer: one foot Dimeter: two feet Trimeter: three feet Tetrameter: four feet Pentameter: five feet Hexameter: six feet An iambic line of five feet is thus iambic pentameter Unrhymed iambic pentameter is called blank verse (used in Shakespeare’s plays)

Other things to consider Setting Title Theme(s) Symbolism Allusions (i.e. references to other literary works) Style Tone Irony