WHY DID THE SCOTS LEAVE?

Learning Intentions We will be consolidating our knowledge of the ’push’ and ‘pull’ factors of Scots emigration.

WHY DID PEOPLE LEAVE SCOTLAND? CAN YOU REMEMBER ANY REASONS WHY SO MANY LEFT?

What did people need to emigrate? HEADING What did people need to emigrate?

WHO HELPED THE SCOTS TO LEAVE? CAN YOU THINK OF ANY GROUPS WHO MIGHT HAVE HELPED?

Around the room, you will find EIGHT pieces of information on the different ways in which the Scots were helped to emigrate. SUCCESS CRITERIA Collect at least six (you should aim for all 8) You must have the name of help You must have an explanation of how the Scots were helped.

AN EXAMPLE… Individuals helped the Scots leave. - Many relatives who had already moved sent money home so family could pay their fare.

LANDOWNERS During the Clearances Highland landowners would often pay for the crofters fare They wanted to reduce the number of crofters on their land so they could rear sheep and deer on them instead. With the Potato Famine, landowners were able to borrow money from the government to help

THE HIGHLANDS AND ISLANDS EMIGRATION SOCIETY Set up in Skye in 1851. Between 1846 and 1857, around 16,533 people were assisted to emigrate. Under the scheme a landlord could secure a passage to Australia for a nominee at the cost of £1. The Society was funded by the Government

HELPING CHILDREN In Scotland for example, William Quarrier, who was born in Greenock, set up orphanages in 1871 and in 1872 began to send orphans to Canada. This charity paid for clothing and their fare to Canada. By 1933 nearly 7,000 poor children had been sent to Canada.

HELPING CHILDREN Barnardo’s Set up by Dr Barnardo Raised money to send children to a new life the colonies. In the inter-war years the YMCA sent boys to the colonies too.

OTHER CHARITIES For example, The British Women’s Emigration Association concentrated on finding wives for male colonists, governesses & helpers for families. They were given financial help to pay their fares. Often jobs were found for them.

THE COLONIAL LAND AND EMIGRATION COMMISSIONERS The government set up this body in 1840. Until 1878 it sold off land in the colonies to wealthy immigrants. Used the money to help a small number of poorer immigrants set up home & a livelihood. 13

COLONIAL SOCIETIES Many colonies keen to attract new people Wanted the young and skilled. E.g. Queensland, Australia, offered land and helped with travel costs for people with those skills.

THE GOVERNMENT Did more in the 20th Century After WW1 there was high unemployment in Britain. Emigration was a way of dealing with this. Thought it would also help further develop the British Empire. After WW1 set up the Overseas Settlement Committee; this helped ex-servicemen by paying their travel costs.

ACTIVITY In the late 19th C and early 20th C, many people were convinced to leave by newspapers, pamphlets and posters. You success criteria. I have: Chosen to create either a newspaper advert, a pamphlet or a poster. Chosen ONE way in which the Scots were helped to leave. Included examples of the help they received. Included a heading. Included illustrations (remember; at that time, many people could not read.)

Knowledge Check… Two reasons why the Scots emigrated. Two groups who helped the Scots emigrate. In what 2 ways were the Scots helped?