The Civil War – An Overview

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Presentation transcript:

The Civil War – An Overview

The Confederacy President – Jefferson Davis Vice President – Alexander Stevens Capital – Richmond, Virginia

Jefferson Davis

Confederate Nicknames Confederates Rebels Secessionists Southerners Graycoats Johnny Rebs

Confederate Generals Robert E. Lee Pierre Beauregard J.E.B. Stuart George Pickett “Stonewall” Jackson Albert Sidney Johnston Gen. Longstreet John Bell Hood

Robert E. Lee

Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard

James Ewell Brown (J.E.B.) Stuart

George Pickett

Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson

Albert Sidney Johnston

James Longstreet

John Bell Hood

Confederate Advantages Strong support of the white population Fighting on familiar territory Defending their land, homes, and way of life Superior military leadership

Confederate Disadvantages Smaller population Very few factories Few railroad tracks Belief in states’ rights Weak leadership of Jefferson Davis

Confederate Strategies Defend their home territory Trade cotton to Britain and France in exchange for war materials Try to make the North tired of fighting so they will grant Southern independence.

The United States President – Abraham Lincoln Capital – Washington, D.C. (100 miles from Richmond, Virginia)

Abraham Lincoln

Union Nicknames Union Federals Yankees Northerners Bluecoats Billy Yanks

Union Generals Ambrose Burnside Joseph Hooker George Meade William Tecumseh Sherman Ulysses S. Grant Irvin McDowell George McClellan Phillip Sheridan David Farragut John Pope

Ulysses S. Grant

George McClellan

Phillip Sheridan

David Farragut

Ambrose Burnside

Joseph “Fightin’ Joe” Hooker

George Meade

William Tecumseh Sherman

Union Advantages Larger population Lots of industry Better banking system Large navy Large, efficient railroad network Leadership of Abraham Lincoln

Union Disadvantages Had to invade the South Hostility of Southerners Fighting on unfamiliar territory Poor generals at beginning of the war

Union Strategy – The Anaconda Plan Naval blockade of Southern ports to prevent supplies from reaching the South Control the Mississippi River to prevent supplies from Texas and Mexico from entering the South Split the South in half; divide and conquer Capture Richmond, Virginia (Confederate capital) Total war