Antti Onnela CERN – EP – Detector Technologies group ECFA High Luminosity LHC Experiments Workshop - 2016 Technology progress and R&D on mechanics Antti Onnela CERN – EP – Detector Technologies group https://indico.cern.ch/event/524795/

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela Outline Focus on mechanics of the LHC Tracker upgrades. Substantial efforts on mechanics also in other projects, e.g. LHCb VELO, CMS HGCAL, not covered in this talk. Development of local support structures: Staves, truss- structures, I-beams, disks, … Thermal interface materials Development of tilted detector geometries Sources for further information Closing remarks: Common developments, sharing of efforts? ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela Development of local support structures: Staves, truss-structures, I-beams, disks, … ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ALICE ITS Upgrade STAVES Now in production phase Inner Barrel STAVE Flexible PCB 9 sensors Cold Plate Space Frame Connector Fitting Space Frame Cold Plate 0,3m Pixel operation temperature < 30°C Pixel max temperature non-uniformity < 5°C Cooling: Mono-phase H2O leak-less Outer Barrel STAVE Power bus Space Frame Cold Plate 2x7 sensors FPC 1.5m Space Frame Cold Plates Inner Barrel Outer Barrel ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela Light-stiff mechanical support ALICE ITS Upgrade Inner Barrel STAVE Positioning Cooling Mechanics 0.3 m, 1.7gr Light-high thermal conductive Cold plate Light-stiff mechanical Spaceframe Stave Precise positioning end pieces Coldplate Spaceframe Leak-less water cooling Pipe Burst pressure @ 51bar Manual Layup Filament winding High-conductivity (brittle) carbon-fibres and carbon sheet High-modulus carbon-fibres (less brittle) Amec FGS_003 K13D 2U Pyre M.L. fleece M60J Embedded polyimide pipes ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela ALICE ITS Upgrade Outer Barrel STAVE Positioning Positioning Mechanics Cooling 1.5 m, 40 g 1.5m, 21g Connection between Spaceframe and Cold plate Stave Precise positioning End Pieces Light-stiff mechanical Spaceframe Light-high thermal conductive Cold plate Manual layup M55j thread Polyimide pipes Filament deposition Carbon paper (FGA) Carbon fleece Carbon PEEK machined end piece M55j prepreg ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

On-going development of local support structures Ref: ATLAS Phase2 Pixel (CERN) Self-mass ~40 g/m Supports at 1 m distance 2 kg load  0.3 mm displ. ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela I-beam concept Ref: ATLAS Phase2 Pixel (Berkeley) Alternating 4x2 and 4x4 I-beams 4x2 I-beams Measured flatness on final module mounting surface < 0.1 mm ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Sandwich plate structures Ref: LHCb UT (Syracuse) High-conductivity carbon-fibre/ polymer skins ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Sandwich plate structures Ref: CMS Tracker Upgrade (Fermilab) Ref: Atlas Tracker Upgrade (DESY) End-cap petals Barrel ‘planks’ with PS modules Allcomp K9 graphite foam End-cap disks with PS modules (modules mounted on disk surface) 2S modules (modules mounted on aluminium inserts) ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Thermal interface materials ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Module mounting with Thermal Interface Material Ref: LHCb UT (Syracuse) ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Selecting of phase-change Thermal Interface Materials A. Mussgiller, DESY ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

TIM handling and radiation resistance A. Mussgiller, DESY Manufacturers advice to use pressure when applying the TIM. With thin silicon sensor modules this cannot be done, therefore tests done with self-weight of the ‘module’. Further tests and development of work-methods needed to confirm use with real, large-size (5 x 10 cm) modules. Experience with smaller pixel modules now being gained e.g. in CMS Pixel Phase 1 upgrade. ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Development of tilted detector geometries ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela Tilted geometries ATLAS Tracker Upgrade CMS Tracker Upgrade In these cut views the tilted geometries appear as rather simple. The challenges are in the 3D integration and in the mechanics… ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela Tilted geometries Ref: ATLAS Phase2 Pixel ALPINE concept (Annecy & Grenoble) ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela Tilted geometries Ref: ATLAS Phase2 Pixel SLIM concept (Geneva & CERN) Another option under study: a spiralling cooling pipe Cooling block in porous graphite ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela Tilted geometries Carbon-fibre/Airex sandwich ring Red: CMS Phase 2 Tilted TBPS (CERN) Tilt angle and connection to cooling pipe with pieces in aluminium/carbon-fibre composite. Properties in fibre-plane: CTE: 4 ppm Thermal cond.: 230 W/mK out of fibre-plane: CTE: 24 ppm Thermal cond.: 120 W/mK Module support/cooling plate (seen from back-side) Diam: 600 mm (layer 1) – 1100 mm (layer 3) ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

From physics layout model to 3D CAD Ref: CMS Phase 2 Tilted TBPS (CERN) ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Sources for further information on current mechanics developments ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Sources for further information ECFA High Luminosity LHC Experiments Workshop 2014: https://indico.cern.ch/event/315626/ C. Gargiulo, Lightweight thermomechanical structures E. Anderssen, Integration and Environment for Upgrade Trackers in High Luminosity LHC Composites Workshop at Berkeley, Feb-March 2016: https://conferences.lbl.gov/event/54/ Composites design, manufacture and applications. ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

Sources for further information Forums on Tracking Detector Mechanics 2012, CERN http://indico.cern.ch/event/Forum_on_Tracking_Detector_Mechanics 2013, Oxford (UK) http://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/forum2013/index.asp 2014, DESY (DE) http://forum2014.desy.de/ 2015, NIKHEF (NL) http://forum2015.nikhef.nl   2016, Bonn (DE) http://www.forumbonn.org/ 2017, Marseille (FR) 3 days in late May – early July, exact dates to be confirmed. Announcements will be sent to LHC experiment distribution lists. ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela

ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela Closing remarks Are there areas for common developments and sharing of efforts? Choice of thin-walled cooling pipes and qualification of their joining techniques. Qualification of adhesives and thermal interface materials for HL-LHC radiation doses (beyond 1 MGy levels) We are missing new CERN Yellow books for HL-LHC, to complement those of the 80’s and 90’s… Grouped procurements of high-end, expensive carbon-fibre prepregs with limited storage life (typically 6 months) and fairly big minimum procurement quantities (beyond usual R&D needs within one team). CERN EP-DT Composites lab can help in procurement coordination and technical matters. Contact persons: Francois.Boyer@cern.ch, Andrea.Catinaccio@cern.ch. Feed-back, suggestions … and contributions are welcome! ECFA 2016: Technology progress and R&D on mechanics / A. Onnela