PRONOUNS Pronoun: A word that takes the place of a noun (antecedent) Pronouns refer. They refer to nouns. A pronoun is a word we use instead of repeating an antecedent (noun); this helps us avoid repeating the antecedent noun over and over again monotonously.

SUBJECT PRONOUNS Singular Plural First person: I we Second person: you you Third Person: he, she, it they Subject pronouns are in the subject case—also called the nominative case. Examples: She and I went to the cathedral. (She and I are doing the action…they are the subjects!! Get it??)

OBJECT PRONOUNS Singular Plural First Person: me us Second Person: you you Third Person : him, her, it them Example: Daddy put him in the corner. Object pronouns receive the action of the verb.

MORE PRONOUNS: Possessive Pronouns: Pronouns that show possession or ownership: my, your, his, her, its, our, and their. Possessive case pronouns are already possessive, and therefore do not need apostrophes. Its or It’s: The word its is a possessive pronoun. The word it’s is a contraction of it and is. It’s too late to lock its cage. Interrogative pronouns: A pronoun used to interrogate (ask questions): who, whose, whom, which, what. Who went to the piazza? Demonstrative Pronouns: A pronoun used to demonstrate: this, that, these, those. This is the dog I wish you to paint.

Relative Pronouns: Relative pronouns relate descriptive parts of a sentence (adjective clauses) to other parts of a sentence. They often interrupt a sentence. The man [who followed you] turned left. Notice: The pronoun “who” relates back to “man.” The relative pronouns are who, whose, whom, which, and that. Who or Whom? Who is a subject, and whom is an object. The composer who wrote the Brandenburg Concerto was Bach. You asked whom? Who saw Whom?

Reflexive Pronouns: a –self or –selves pronoun that refers to the subject and is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. Example: Maddie enjoyed herself at the party. Intensive Pronouns: a –self or --selves pronoun that emphasizes (intensifies) a noun or another pronoun and is unnecessary to the meaning of the sentence. Example: I myself agree with that idea. Did you redecorate the room yourself? NOTE: There is no such word as hisself or theirselves!! (only himself and themselves) Indefinite Pronouns: general pronouns that do not have definite antecedents: anyone, anybody, each, all. (FYI: Those ending in –one and –body are singular.) Example: Anyone can get an A if he/she studies.

TYPES OF PRONOUNS Subject: I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they Object: me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them Possessive: my, your, his, her, its, our, their Interrogative: who, whose, whom, which, what Demonstrative: this, that, these, those Relative: who, whose, whom, which, that Indefinite: anyone, anybody, each, all, etc. Reflexive: myself, yourself, himself, etc. Intensive: myself, yourself, himself, etc.

Pronoun Practice A common slave, you know him well by sight, Held up his left hand, which did flame and burn Like twenty torches joined. For my part, I have walked about the streets, Submitting me unto the perilous night… I have an hour’s talk in store for you; Remember that you call on me today. I know that we shall have him well to friend. I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones. Urge me no more; I shall forget myself. Have mind upon your health. Tempt me no farther. Must I observe you? Must I stand and crouch Under your testy humor? By the gods, You shall digest the venom of your spleen Though it do split you.

FOUR LEVEL ANALYSIS I knew he would not expect to see me. Parts of Speech___________________________________________________________________________ Parts of Speech subj. pron subj. pron. obj. pron.