Preventing strokes from ever occurring SIH Stroke Network Community Education Goal Decrease disability and death from strokes by Preventing strokes from ever occurring - (Primary Prevention) Rapid treatment when strokes do occur - (Symptom Recognition and Response) Post stroke follow-up and care - (Secondary Prevention)

Discussion Today Information about stroke How can you prevent a stroke? When a stroke occurs: what do you do? What happens after a stroke? Where can you learn more?

Stroke Awareness Knowledge Evaluation

Stroke is the number ____ cause of death in the United States.

What is another name for a stroke? A. Heart attack  B. Brain attack  C. Myocardial infarction  D. Respiratory arrest E. None of the above

An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel to the brain. A. True  B. False

What percentage of strokes can be prevented with healthy behaviors? A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 80% E. 95%

Which of these lifestyle factors plays the Which of these lifestyle factors plays the biggest role in increasing the risk for stroke in younger adults? A. Being overweight B. Little or no exercise C. High blood pressure D. Smoking E. Texting while driving

Which of these is a symptom of stroke? A. Sudden confusion  B. Sudden weakness in an arm or leg  C. Sudden severe headache with no cause  D. Sudden trouble seeing  E. All of the above

If a person has an ischemic stroke, how quickly If a person has an ischemic stroke, how quickly should the person be treated to minimize long-term problems? A. As soon as possible B. Within 30 minutes C. Within 1 hour D. Within 3 hours E. Within 8 hours

Which type of medicine is given to help prevent a stroke? A. Medicine to prevent clots from forming  B. Blood-thinner medicine  C. Clot-busting medicine  D. A and B  E. All of the above

Which of these may be a long-term problem after a stroke? A. Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body  B. Problems with thinking or memory  C. Problems with language  D. Pain in the hands and feet  E. All of the above

The best thing to do if you notice someone having a stroke is A. Immediately begin performing CPR B. Wait to see if the symptoms go away C. Call 911 immediately D. Drive to the nearest emergency room E. Phone a friend and get their opinion

You should give an aspirin to a person who is possibly having a stroke. A. True  B. False

Collect Evaluations __________________________________

Stroke is the number 5 cause of death in the U.S. 1. Heart disease 2. Cancer 3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases 4. Accidents (unintentional injuries) 5. Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases) 6. Alzheimer's disease 7. Diabetes 8. Influenza and Pneumonia 9. Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis 10. Intentional self-harm (suicide)

About 795,000 Americans each year suffer a new or recurrent stroke.

37% of all Americans cannot accurately identify even one warning sign for stroke.

What is a stroke? A stroke is a brain injury caused when a blood vessel to the brain becomes blocked or bursts, cutting off blood flow and oxygen to the brain. Another name for a stroke?

Types of Stroke Ischemic (Blockage) 87% Caused by a blockage in the blood vessels to the brain Hemorrhagic (Bleeding) 13% Caused by burst or leaking blood vessels in the brain

Causes for an Ischemic Stroke Fatty deposits line the blood vessel wall Thrombus – A blood clot forms at the fatty deposit Embolus – A traveling particle gets stuck in a small vessel Medications to prevent a stroke?

Causes for a Hemorrhagic Stroke A weakened blood vessel ruptures The number 1 cause of bleeding is Hypertension Aneurysms: Ballooning of a weakened spot of a blood vessel Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs): Cluster of abnormal blood vessels

Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) TIAs are “warning strokes” that can happen before a major stroke They occur when blood flow through a brain artery is briefly blocked or reduced TIA symptoms are temporary but similar to those of a full- fledged stroke A person who has a TIA is 9.5 times more likely to have a stroke A TIA is a medical emergency

Stroke is Preventable, Beatable and Treatable! 80% of all strokes can be prevented with healthy behaviors Long-term effects of a stroke may be minimized with immediate treatment More people are surviving and beating stroke

80% of all Strokes Are Preventable How can you prevent a stroke from ever happening?

Reducing Your Stroke Risk Control high blood pressure Lower cholesterol Lose excess weight Get physically active Avoid excessive alcohol Don’t smoke Prevent / Manage Diabetes Stroke risk and younger adults?

Reducing Your Stroke Risk (continued) Manage Atrial fibrillation (A-fib) Medication compliance Follow-up appointments Support groups Know your family history Other risk factors

When a Stroke Occurs: What Do You Do?

AHA/ASA Treat Stroke F.A.S.T (PSA)

F.A.S.T. is Face Drooping - Does one side of the face droop or is it numb? Ask the person to smile. Arm Weakness - Is one arm weak or numb? Ask the person to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward? Speech Difficulty - Is speech slurred, are they unable to speak, or are they hard to understand? Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence, like "the sky is blue." Is the sentence repeated correctly? Time to call 911 - If the person shows any of these symptoms, even if the symptoms go away, call 911 and get them to the hospital immediately.

Others Stroke Symptoms Sudden numbness or weakness of the leg Sudden confusion or trouble understanding Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination Sudden severe headache with no known cause

If You Think Someone Is Having a Stroke Immediately call 911 or the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) number Check the time so you'll know when the first symptoms appeared

- Treatment starts the moment EMS arrives - Safe/efficient transport to appropriate hospital - Stroke team pre-notification to streamline care What are some reasons why people do not call 911? How can we overcome these barriers?

What to do while waiting the few minutes for EMS to arrive? Have person with stroke symptoms sit down and stay comfortable and safe Write down the time the person with stroke symptoms was “last known well” Write down name and phone number of a witness who can answer questions for the Physician Gather medications or provide EMS with medication list Should you give an aspirin?

Why Spotting a Stroke Is Important The sooner a stroke victim gets to the hospital, the sooner they'll get life saving treatment A clot-busting drug called tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) may improve the chances of getting better, but only if you get them help right away Other treatments

F.A.S.T. Mobile Application A potentially life saving tool to help spot the symptoms of a stroke F.A.S.T. and call 911 Free for the iPhone and Android Found at strokeassociation.org, iTunes Store and Google Play Store

What Happens After A Stroke? Rehabilitation – Inpatient or Outpatient - Physical (PT)/Occupational (OT)/Speech Therapy (ST) Secondary Stroke Prevention - Follow-up appointments - Medication Compliance - Managing Risk Factors / F.A.S.T. - Stroke Survivor Support Group

Stroke Awareness Knowledge Re-Evaluation

Collect Evaluations __________________________________

Stroke is the number ____ cause of death in the United States.

Stroke is the number 5 cause of death in the United States.

What is another name for a stroke? A. Heart attack  B. Brain attack  C. Myocardial infarction  D. Respiratory arrest E. None of the above

What is another name for a stroke? A. Heart attack  B. Brain attack  C. Myocardial infarction  D. Respiratory arrest E. None of the above

An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel to the brain. A. True  B. False

An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel to the brain. A. True  B. False

What percentage of strokes can be prevented with healthy behaviors? A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 80% E. 95%

What percentage of strokes can be prevented with healthy behaviors? A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 80% E. 95%

Which of these lifestyle factors plays the Which of these lifestyle factors plays the biggest role in increasing the risk for stroke in younger adults? A. Being overweight B. Little or no exercise C. High blood pressure D. Smoking E. Texting while driving

Which of these lifestyle factors plays the Which of these lifestyle factors plays the biggest role in increasing the risk for stroke in younger adults? A. Being overweight B. Little or no exercise C. High blood pressure D. Smoking E. Texting while driving

Which of these is a symptom of stroke? A. Sudden confusion  B. Sudden weakness in an arm or leg  C. Sudden severe headache with no cause  D. Sudden trouble seeing  E. All of the above

Which of these is a symptom of stroke? A. Sudden confusion  B. Sudden weakness in an arm or leg  C. Sudden severe headache with no cause  D. Sudden trouble seeing  E. All of the above

If a person has an ischemic stroke, how quickly If a person has an ischemic stroke, how quickly should the person be treated to minimize long-term problems? A. As soon as possible B. Within 30 minutes C. Within 1 hour D. Within 3 hours E. Within 8 hours

If a person has an ischemic stroke, how quickly If a person has an ischemic stroke, how quickly should the person be treated to minimize long-term problems? A. As soon as possible B. Within 30 minutes C. Within 1 hour D. Within 3 hours E. Within 8 hours

Which type of medicine is given to help prevent a stroke? A. Medicine to prevent clots from forming  B. Blood-thinner medicine  C. Clot-busting medicine  D. A and B  E. All of the above

Which type of medicine is given to help prevent a stroke? A. Medicine to prevent clots from forming  B. Blood-thinner medicine  C. Clot-busting medicine  D. A and B  E. All of the above

Which of these may be a long-term problem after a stroke? A. Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body  B. Problems with thinking or memory  C. Problems with language  D. Pain in the hands and feet  E. All of the above

Which of these may be a long-term problem after a stroke? A. Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body  B. Problems with thinking or memory  C. Problems with language  D. Pain in the hands and feet  E. All of the above

The best thing to do if you notice someone having a stroke is A. Immediately begin performing CPR B. Wait to see if the symptoms go away C. Call 911 immediately D. Drive to the nearest emergency room E. Phone a friend and get their opinion

The best thing to do if you notice someone having a stroke is A. Immediately begin performing CPR B. Wait to see if the symptoms go away C. Call 911 immediately D. Drive to the nearest emergency room E. Phone a friend and get their opinion

You should give an aspirin to a person who is possibly having a stroke. A. True  B. False

You should give an aspirin to a person who is possibly having a stroke. A. True  B. False Do NOT give aspirin for a stroke.

Where Can I Learn More? Online Resources Southern Illinois Healthcare Stroke Network http://www.sih.net/stroke American Stroke Association http://www.strokeassociation.org National Stroke Association http://www.stroke.org

Credit for a portion of the previous content: American Stroke Association The American Heart Association (AHA) created the American Stroke Association (ASA) Division in 1998 after many years of increasing emphasis on stroke. The ASA is dedicated to prevention, diagnosis and treatment to save lives from stroke — America’s No. 5 killer and a leading cause of serious disability.

In Summary, you . . . Learned about stroke Learned how to prevent a stroke Learned what to do when a stroke occurs Learned what’s next after a stroke Learned where to get more information

The SIH Stroke Network . . . Provides emergent LOCAL care of acute stroke without time delays Keeps patients at their local hospitals, while only transferring those who require a higher level of care Keeps patients in the region, as close to home and family as possible

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Questions?

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