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Chapter Three Operating Your Boat … Safely

Key Topics Boarding and Exiting Your Paddlecraft Securing Your Paddlecraft Learning Strokes for Emergency Situations Sharing the Waterways With Others U.S. Aids to Navigation System (ATONS) Learning About Local Hazards Fishing and Hunting

Objectives You should be able to … Demonstrate how to board a canoe and a kayak from a shoreline and from a dock. Demonstrate how to exit a canoe and a kayak. Demonstrate how to secure a paddlecraft on shore or at a dock.

Objectives (cont.) List safety procedures to take when sharing the waterway with others. Explain what to do when encountering the buoys and markers of the U.S. Aids to Navigation System. Describe the hazards that may be found on rivers, lakes, and coastal seas. List safety practices to follow when fishing or hunting from a canoe or kayak.

Boarding and Exiting Your Paddlecraft Boarding a Canoe From a shoreline:

Boarding and Exiting (cont.) From a dock:

Boarding and Exiting (cont.) Exiting a Canoe

Boarding and Exiting (cont.) Boarding a Kayak From a shoreline:

Boarding and Exiting (cont.) From a dock:

Boarding and Exiting (cont.) Exiting a Kayak

Learning How to Paddle Take a hands-on course. Practice what you learn.

Securing Your Paddlecraft On a smooth, sandy shore On a rocky shore At a dock

Sharing the Waterways Safety Procedures Always be sure other boaters are aware of your presence. Be considerate of other boats. Allows all boats to navigate safely. Paddle as close to shore as is safe. Avoid channels used by larger craft. Operate according to Homeland Security measures.

Sharing the Waterways (cont.) Tell other paddlers about any hazards, such as eddies or rapids, you have encountered. Render assistance to other paddlers in need, unless you would place yourself or your boat in danger. When a powerboat passes, turn bow into the wake to help prevent a capsize. Know the navigational rules for your state.

U.S. Aids To Navigation System (ATON) Lateral Markers

U.S. Aids To Navigation System (cont.)

U.S. Aids To Navigation System (cont.) “Red Right Returning”

U.S. Aids To Navigation System (cont.)

U.S. Aids To Navigation System (cont.) Non-Lateral Markers

U.S. Aids To Navigation System (cont.)

Local Hazards on Your Waterway Rivers and Lakes Low-head dams: always avoid

Local Hazards (cont.) Strainers: always avoid Rapids: check them out Waterfalls: carry boat around falls Bridges: proceed with caution Changing water levels: Stay in deeper channels Beware of seasonal changes

Local Hazards (cont.) Coastal Seas Tides Rip currents Waves Shipping lanes

Fishing & Hunting From 1996 to 2002, approximately half of those killed in a canoe or kayak accident were fishing. More hunters die each year from drowning and cold-water immersion than from gunshot wounds.

Fishing & Hunting (cont.) Many accidents occur when: An angler leans over the side to grab a fish A hunter leans over the side for a decoy An excited angler jumps up suddenly when he or she gets a bite An excited hunting dog paces back and forth Hunters fire their rifles in the same direction at the same time, causing an imbalance

Fishing & Hunting (cont.) Safety Precautions Wear a life jacket at all times while on the water. Never overload your boat. Take extra precautions to avoid falling overboard, capsizing, or swamping. Dress in layers and take precautions to avoid hypothermia.

Review Questions When boarding or moving around in a canoe or kayak, what rule should you remember about your hands and feet? Answer: maintain three points of contact

Review Questions (cont.) Should you pack gear into a paddlecraft before or after you put the boat in the water? Answer: after

Review Questions (cont.) How can you use your paddle for extra stability when you board a canoe from a dock? Answer: Place your paddle straight across the gunwales, and hold onto the paddle as you board.

Review Questions (cont.) What are your primary goals when sharing the waterways with others? Answer: keeping a sharp lookout and avoiding a collision

Review Questions (cont.) What are the “traffic signals” that guide boaters safely along some waterways? Answer: buoys and markers

Review Questions (cont.) What phrase can you use to help you remember the correct course in the lateral system of U.S. Aids to Navigation? Answer: Red Right Returning

Review Questions (cont.) What does a solid green buoy with an odd number indicate? Answer: the edge of the channel of a boater’s left side when entering from the open sea or heading upstream

Review Questions (cont.) What does a white buoy with an orange open diamond indicate? Answer: danger

Review Questions (cont.) What does a white buoy with an orange crossed diamond indicate? Answer: areas that are off-limits to vessels

Review Questions (cont.) What type of hazard can be created by water flowing around and through fallen tree branches? Answer: strainer

Review Questions (cont.) What are three river hazards that paddlers should avoid? Answer: (any three) Low-head dams Strainers Waterfalls Bridges High water or low water

Review Questions (cont.) What are three coastal hazards that paddlers should avoid? Answer: (any three) Tides Rip currents Waves Shipping lanes

Review Questions (cont.) From 1996 through 2002, what were approximately half of those killed in a canoe or kayak accident doing? Answer: fishing

Review Questions (cont.) What should hunters who are in a canoe or kayak always wear? Answer: life jackets