Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2)

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Presentation transcript:

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Hydrocarbons discussed so far exist as straight chains. These are referred to as normal (n), for example, n- pentane would be written as: CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Pentane can also exist as several branched isomers.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) How are these two named?

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) How are these two named? Establish the longest chain and name that hydrocarbon.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) How are these two named? The first has 4 carbons and single covalent bonds. It would be butane

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) How are these two named? The first has 4 carbons and single covalent bonds. It would be butane The second has 3 carbons and single bonds and would be propane.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) What about the side groups?

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) What about the side groups? These are called alkyl groups. To obtain the name of the alkyl group, the ane is dropped and a yl is added.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) What about the side groups? The alkyl group is CH3. It is termed a methyl group.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) What about the side groups? To finish naming this, count from the end that would give you the lowest number to the alkyl group. In the case of isomer (b), This would be carbon 2.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) What about the side groups? It would be named 2-methyl butane

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) What about the side groups? In the case of isomer (c), it is also carbon 2.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) What about the side groups? It has 2 methyl groups, so it would be named: 2 dimethyl propane

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Try this one.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Try this one. Determine the longest carbon chain.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Try this one. Determine the longest carbon chain.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Try this one. Determine the longest carbon chain. Pentane Now determine count so that the alkyl group will have the lowest number.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Try this one. Determine the longest carbon chain. Pentane Now determine count so that the alkyl group will have the lowest number.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Try this one. Determine the longest carbon chain. Pentane Now determine count so that the alkyl group will have the lowest number. 3-methyl pentane

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) Functional groups replace hydrogen atoms on a hydrocarbon and confer distinctive physical and chemical properties to that molecule.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) These functional groups are listed on Table R.

Naming Organic Compounds (Part 2) For example this is a carboxyl group. This would be ethanoic acid. You know as vinegar.