Taking Charge of Your Health Chapter One Taking Charge of Your Health All Clip Art is from Microsoft © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Wellness: The New Health Goal Wellness – Optimal health and vitality… The Dimensions of Wellness Physical Emotional Intellectual Spiritual Interpersonal and Social Environmental or Planetary The six dimensions of wellness interact continuously influencing and being influenced by one another. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

The Wellness Continuum Figure 1-1 Figure 1.1 The wellness continuum © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

© 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. Table 1.1 Examples of Qualities and Behaviors Associated with the Dimensions of Wellness © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

New Opportunities, New Responsibilities 1900’s versus Today Infectious disease A disease that is communicable from one person to another… Chronic disease A disease that develops and continues over a long period of time… © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Figure 1.2 Public health achievements of the twentieth century © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Leading Causes of Death in the United States {Table 1-2} Number of Deaths Heart Disease 629,191 Cancer 560,102 Stroke 137,614 Chronic Lower respiratory disease 124,614 Unintentional injuries 117,748 Alzheimer's Disease 72,791 Causes of Death Number of Deaths Diabetes Mellitus 71,507 Influenza & pneumonia 56,247 Kidney disease 44,791 Septicemia (systemic blood infection) 34,031 Suicide 32,185 Chronic liver disease 27,299 © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Figure 1.3 Quantity of life versus quality of life © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Death Among Americans, 2005 Table 1-3 Number of Deaths per year Percent per year Tobacco 440,000 18.1 Obesity 112,000 4.6 Alcohol 85,000 3.5 Microbial agents 75,000 3.1 Toxic agents 55,000 2.3 © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Table 1.4 Leading causes of Death Among Americans Age 15-24 © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

The Healthy People Initiative Increase quality and years of healthy life Eliminate health disparities among Americans Health Campus 2010 Guidelines of Healthy People 2010 but designed specifically for college students. More than 200 health-related objectives © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Health Issues for Diverse Populations Sex and gender Ethnicity Income and Education Disability Geographic Location Sexual Orientation © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Figure 1-4 Distribution of the U.S. population © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Factors That Influence Wellness Health habits Heredity/Family history Environment Access to Health care Behavior can make a Difference © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

© 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. A Wellness Profile Sense of responsibility Managing stress Self Esteem and Mentally healthy Understanding Relationships & sexuality Avoid Toxins Diet/Exercise Understanding and treating illnesses Understand the health care system Natural process of aging Understanding the environment © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Reaching Wellness Through Lifestyle Management Getting Serious About Your Health Examine current health habits Choose a target behavior Learn about your target behavior Find help © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Building Motivation for Change Examine the Pros and Cons of change Boosting self-efficacy Locus of control Internal control versus external control Visualization and Self-Talk Role models and social support Identify and overcome key barriers to change © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Enhancing Your Readiness to Change The Transtheoretical, or “Stages of Change Model” Developed by Carl DiClemente and James Prochaska (1991) Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance Termination © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Figure 1.6 The Stages of Change: A Spiral Model © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

© 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. Dealing with Relapse Forgive yourself. Give yourself credit for the progress your have already made. Move on. © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Developing Skills for Change: Creating Personalized Plan Monitor your behavior and gather data Analyze the data and identify patterns Be “SMART” About setting goals Devise a plan of action Get what you need Modify you environment Control related habits Rewards Involve people around you Plan for challenges Make a personal contract © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Figure 1.8 Behavior Change Contract © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Putting Your Plan Into Action Staying with It Social influences Levels of Motivation and Commitment Choice of Techniques and Level of Effort Stress Barrier Procrastinating, Rationalizing, and Blaming © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

© 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. Being Healthy For Life Making changes in your world What does the future hold? © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

Taking Charge of Your Health Chapter One Taking Charge of Your Health © 2010 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.