Better known as sponges Phylum Porifera Better known as sponges

Why are Sponges classified as animals? Multicellular No cell wall Heterotrophic (they must eat) Contain specialized cells such as epidermal cells.

How do sponges carry out essential functions? Feeding: Filter feeders eat plankton or algae

How do sponges carry out essential functions? Have special cells that aide in digestion Archaocytes Choanocytes (collar cells)

Water is filtered through the pores into a central canal

Respiration Takes in Oxygen (O2)from the water (H2O) , using it to produce energy in the form of ATP and releases CO2 through the water using the process of diffusion ATP O2 CO2

Circulation Water moves food and wastes in through the pores, and out the osculum (top). Nutrients and chemicals diffuse in out of the cells No blood $$ How does diffusion happen?

Excretion Wastes such as ammonia and CO2diffuse into the water and are carried away.

See, I told you he had no brain! Response No Brain, no nervous system Response is limited to chemical triggers Some can produce toxins that make them not taste good to predators. See, I told you he had no brain!

Reproduction Can reproduce sexually. Sperm is released from one sponge and carried by the water into another sponge. (Internal Fertilization) Can reproduce Asexually by budding or by producing gemmules.

Gemmules are internal buds found in sponges that are the result of asexual reproduction, and are a response to a hostile environment.They are resistant to drying out, freezing, and lack of oxygen and can lie around for long periods of time. Gemmules are made up of amoebocytes surrounded by a layer of spicules. When the environment becomes less hostile, the gemmule resumes growing. What is the advantage of this?

Support Spicules form a support system, like a primitive skeleton and is covered in spongin

Movement Can move during the larval stage (baby stage) and then become sessile.

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Practice questions The joining of sperm and egg form a ______ Animals with a backbone are called? A body plan that has matching left and right sides is called? The material that makes the porifera animals flexible and gives them their name is called?