1. Sponges
Real or Man Made?

2. Basics of Sponges True Animals Many shapes Many colors Large and small
Live in water

3. Sponge Classification
Kingdom-Animalia
Phylum- Porifera
Means “pore-bearer”
Classes- based on skeleton
bony (Calcarea)
glass (Hexactenellida)
Spongin protein (Demospongiae)
,000 species
Main Types
Leucoslenia
Scypha

4. Sponge Characteristics
Sessile organism
animal that does not move during its adult life.
Filter feeders
filter the water for food particles
Heterotrophs

5. Inside a Sponge
Incurrent pore cell
brings water into sponges body

6. Epithelial cells
thin flat cells for protection and response

7. - Line the inside of sponge
Collar cells (choanocytes)
- Line the inside of sponge
- Has a flagellum to pull food particles into the collar cell

8. Amoebocytes (Archaeocytes)
- Carry nutrients to other cells
- Acts as a transport system
- Totipotent – can become other cells

9. Spicules
- hard support system/skeleton
- three or six pointed structures
- calcium carbonate, silica or spongin

10. - opening through which water and wastes leave.
Osculum
- opening through which water and wastes leave.

11. Sponge Systems Symmetry Support Digestive Circulatory Respiratory
none
Support
Spicules
Digestive
collar cells
amoebocytes
Circulatory
None
Respiratory
diffusion through cells
Nervous
epithelial cells respond to touch
Reproductive
Asexual
Sexual

12. Asexual Sponge Reproduction
Fragmentation - piece breaks off and new sponge grows
Budding - new sponge grows off main parent and then breaks off to grow somewhere else

13. Sexual Sponge Reproduction
Hermaphrodites - can produce both sperm and eggs.
External Fertilization
eggs and sperm are released into the water and fertilization occurs outside the sponges body

14. Internal Fertilization
sperm released and absorbed by another sponge’s amoebocyte cells and transferred to the eggs to be fertilized.
Free swimming larva are formed to land somewhere to live.