Water supply Flood prediction and forecasting. Water quality

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Presentation transcript:

Water supply Flood prediction and forecasting. Water quality 3 principle Scientific and practical motivations for studying streamflow response Water supply Flood prediction and forecasting. Water quality

Hyetograph Water input v. time Hydrograph Stream discharge v. time Watershed response to an event at a point.

Storm duration Water input Tw Response lag Delay in beginning of input to rise (Tlr) Centroid lag to peak Watershed response time between centroid and peak flow Time to peak Duration of hydrograph rise, Tr. Time of concentration (Tc) Time it takes water to travel from the hydrologically most distant part of the watershed

Baseflow Flow that is contributed by groundwater sources-not associated with specific events. Chemical and isotope analysis for the separation of baseflow

Mechanism for event response Channel precipitation Overland flow Surface runoff Subsurface flows

Channel precipitation

Overland Flow

Open channel flow and Stream flow routing Hydrographs are modified as the flood wave travels through a stream network. Peak flows tend to decrease or dampen and become delayed. Streamflow routing is a procedure for modeling this process Given the Inflow hydrograph, what is the outflow hydrograph.

Routing Methods Reservoir and streamflow routing Convex method Movement of a floodwave through a channel or reservoir. Convex method Streamflow routing