Chapter 2 Information Systems in Organizations Information Systems Ninth Edition Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds Chapter 2 Information Systems in Organizations

Organizations and Information Systems Organization: collection of people and other resources established to accomplish a set of goals An organization is a system Inputs: resources (materials, people, money) Outputs: goods or services Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Organizations and Information Systems (continued) Figure 1.15: A General Model of an Organization Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Organizations and Information Systems (continued) Value chain: series (chain) of activities that includes inbound logistics, warehouse and storage, production, finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service Upstream management: management of raw materials, inbound logistics, and warehouse and storage facilities Downstream management: management of finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Organizations and Information Systems (continued) Figure 1.16: The Value Chain of a Manufacturing Company Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Organizations and Information Systems (continued) Supply chain management (SCM) Determines required supplies, needed quantities, processing, and shipment Customer relationship management (CRM) Helps company manage all aspects of customer encounters, including marketing, advertisement, sales, service, and maintaining loyalty Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Organizational Structures Organizational structure refers to organizational subunits and the way they relate to the overall organization. Organizational structure depends on its goals and approach to management, and can affect how it views and uses information systems. Types of organizational structure are: Traditional Project Team virtual Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Careers In Information Systems Degree programs Degrees in information systems Business degrees with a global or international orientation Computer systems are making IS professionals’ work easier Opportunities in information systems are not confined to single countries Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Roles, Functions, and Careers in the IS Department Primary responsibilities in information systems Operations: focuses on the efficiency of IS functions Systems development: focuses on development projects and ongoing maintenance and review Support: provides user assistance, data administration, user training, and Web administration Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Roles, Functions, and Careers in the IS Department (continued) Figure 1.19: The Three Primary Responsibilities of Information Systems Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Typical IS Titles and Functions Chief Information Officer (CIO) Employs IS department’s equipment and personnel to help the organization attain its goals LAN administrators Set up and manage the network hardware, software, and security processes Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Typical IS Titles and Functions (continued) Internet careers Internet strategists and administrators Internet systems developers Internet programmers Internet or Web site operators Certification Examples: Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer, Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP), and Oracle Certified Professional Information Systems, Ninth Edition

Other IS Careers New and exciting careers have developed in security and fraud detection and prevention Chief Information Security Officer Chief Security Officer Chief Privacy Officer Working for a large consulting firm such as Accenture, IBM, and EDS Developing or selling products for a hardware or software vendor Video game development Information Systems, Ninth Edition