1. How businesses use information systems (Part 2)
By: Zeeshan A. Bhatti

2. Enterprise Applications
How can different Functional systems manage the information in these different systems???
Enterprise applications help businesses become more flexible and productive by coordinating their business processes for efficient mgmt of resources
Types of Enterprise Application:
Enterprise Resource Planning Systems
Supply Chain Management Systems
Customer Relationship Management Systems
Knowledge Management Systems
Intranet & Extranet
Collaboration Systems

3. Enterprise Applications

4. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Collects data from various key business processes in manufacturing & production, finance & accounting, sales and marketing, & HR
Stores data in a single central repository
Information that is previously fragmented in different systems can be easily shared across the firm to help diff. parts of business work closely
WEBLINK EXAMPLE: OPEN ERP SCREENSHOTS

5. Ex: ERP System (e.g., SAP)
A customer places an order, the data flows automatically to other parts of the company
Order transaction triggers the warehouse to pick ordered products and schedule shipment
Warehouse informs the factory
Accounting dept. is notified to send customer an invoice
Customer Service representatives track progress of order to inform customers about status
RESULT: IMPROVED EFFICIENCY and LOWER COSTS
Ex. Oracle ERP, SAP etc.

6. Supply Chain Mgmt System (SCM)
Help businesses manage relationships with suppliers
Purchasing from distributors, logistics companies share info. Orders, production, inventory levels, and delivery or products & services
Objective: Right amount of products from their source to their point of consumption with least amount of time and lowest cost
They are a type of Inter-organizational Systems – across organizational boundaries

7. Ex: Supply Chain Mgmt Systems
Haworth’s Transportation Mgmt System (TMS)
Examines customer orders, factory schedules, carrier rates and availability, and shipping costs to produce optimal lowest-cost delivery plans
Plans are generated every 15 min

8. Customer Relationship Mgmt Systems (CRM)
Help manage their relationships with their customers
E.g., Sales, Marketing, and Service
E.g., Mobilink/Ufone CRMs, Banks CRM etc.
Consolidates customer data from multiple channels – Telephone, , Wireless devices, retail outlets, Social Media etc.
E.g., Pizza Hut CRM, Mobile Operators CRM

9. Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)
Values of a firm also depends on intangible assets
Support processes for acquiring, creating, storing, distributing, applying, integrating knowledge
How to create, produce, distribute products and services
Collect internal knowledge and experience within firm and make it available to employees
Link to external sources of knowledge

10. Intranets & Extranets
Alternative tools that increase integration and expedite the flow of information
Intranets:
Internal company Web sites accessible only by employees
Extranets:
Company Web sites accessible externally only to vendors and suppliers
Often used to coordinate supply chain

11. E Business, E Commerce & E Govt.
Use of digital technology and Internet to drive major business processes
E-commerce
Subset of e-business
Buying and selling goods and services through Internet
E-Government:
Using Internet technology to deliver information and services to citizens, employees, and businesses and other govt. agencies

12. Collaboration & Communication Systems
Working with others to achieve shared goals
Short-lived or long-term
Informal or formal (teams)
Growing importance of collaboration:
Changing nature of work
Growth of professional work – “interaction jobs”
Changing organization of the firm – hierarchy
Changing scope of the firm – multiple locations
Emphasis on innovation – Strength of week ties
Changing culture of work

13. Business benefits of collaboration and teamwork
Investments in collaboration technology can produce organizational improvements returning high ROI
Benefits:
Productivity
Quality
Innovation
Customer service
Financial performance
Profitability, sales, sales growth

14. Tools for Collaboration
Internet-Based Collaboration Environments
Geographical teams collaboration
E.G., Internet Conferencing, WebEx
and Instant Messaging (IM)
Cell Phones and Smart Phones
E.g., IPhone, Android, BB etc
Social Networking Services (SNS)
E.g., Facebook and Internal SNS
Wikis
Wikipedia, Internal Wikis
Blogs

15. Collaboration Systems

16. Establishing Information Systems Department
Programmers
Specialists
System Analysts
Translate business problems into information system requirements
IS Managers
Leaders of team of programmers, Telecommunications, DB
Chief Information Officer (CIO)
Head of the IS dept.
Have knowledge about business as well as IS

17. Chief Security Officer (CSO)
In charge of security policy
Educating and training users about security
Keeping management aware of security threats
End users
Representatives of departments for whom applications are developed
They play an important role in the design and development of of IS