The World of Music 6th edition Part 3 Listening to World Music Chapter 7: Music of the Americas

Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas Native American Music Non-European Unique Instruments Functions Aesthetics Ignored Unknown—even today Little (or no) Influence on Popular Music Oral Tradition Great Variety between Tribes Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas Ethnic Music in the U.S. Rural Europeans became urban, (Concentrated) ethnic Americans. Immigrants were a strong market for recordings of the music of their homeland. Often their tastes were modified by experiences in the new world. Examples Raggae Salsa Bossa Nova Tex-Mex Mariachi Cajun/Zydeco Klezmer Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas Reggae From Jamaica Connected to Rastafarianism Black Nationalism Social Reform Substyles Ska Rocksteady Artists Jimmy Cliff Bob Marley Bunny Wailer Peter Tosh Influenced Later Artists The Police Rancid Rap/Hip-hop Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas Latino Salsa (Cuba) Ruben Blades Tito Puente Bossa Nova (Brazil) Antonio Carlos Jobim Joäo Gilberto Tex-Mex (Texas and Mexico) Little Joe Hernandez Texas Tornados Mariachi (Mexico) Traditional (mostly local) Ensembles Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

Cajun/Zydeco (Louisiana) Mostly Whites, French Language Instruments Fiddle Accordion Zydeco Mostly Blacks, French Language Instruments Accordion Electric Guitar Electric Bass Drums Washboard Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

Influences on Latin American, Mexican, and Caribbean Music Indigenous folk music Spanish-Language Folk Styles Folk Instruments Churches/Missionaries Music Schools European Art Music Nationalism Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

Latin American Instruments Wind Instruments Reed Flutes Ocarinas Panpipes String Instruments Violins Guitars Bass Guitars Harps Percussion Instruments Rattles Rasps Claves Castanets Bongos Congas Guiros Maracas Xylophones (and Marimbas) Steel Drums Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

General Qualities of Latin Music European Harmonies Simple and Repetitive, but Layered for Complexity Rarely Chromatic Melodies of Limited Range Little Improvisation (except where African-influenced) Clear, Regular Phrases Usually Major and/or Minor Tonality Syncopated, Percussive Rhythms Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas Chapter Summary Is Latin American music far enough away to qualify as “World Music?” What CD’s do you own that were influenced by Latin American music? How do you know this? Where can you go to hear authentic Native American Music? How many different types of Ethnic music have you heard (in America) and where did you hear these styles? Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas

Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas Image Credits Slide 2 Glen Allison/Getty Images Slide 6 Photodics Collection/Getty Images Part III Listening to World Music Chapter 7 Music of the Americas