Chemistry of Life.

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Presentation transcript:

Chemistry of Life

All matter is made up of atoms. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. All matter is made up of atoms.

protons electrons neutrons

Matter can be composed of an element, a compound, or a mixture.

Element – a pure substance made of one type of atom, and it cannot be broken down. Aluminum, Al

There are 109 elements.

96% of the mass of a human is made of only 4 elements – carbon, 96% of the mass of a human is made of only 4 elements – carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.

Most elements do not exist alone. Elements combine to form compounds. Compound - a pure substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. O H H

ELEMENT COMPOUND

MIXTURE

O H H Water, H2O The elements that make up a compound The elements that make up a compound are held together by chemical bonds. A chemical bond is a force of attraction between two atoms. Chemical bond Chemical bond O Water, H2O H H

There are two types of chemical bonds: Covalent bond Ionic bond

O Covalent bond Covalent bond – chemical bond between atoms Covalent bond – chemical bond between atoms in which electrons are shared. Covalent bond O H H

Cl- Ionic bond (2) Ionic bond – chemical bond between atoms (2) Ionic bond – chemical bond between atoms in which electrons are transferred to other atom. Ionic bond Cl- Na+

Acid Base Strongest acid Strongest Base