Science - Year 3/4A Autumn 2 Animals Including Humans Fit For Success Session 4 Task PowerPoint © Original resource copyright Hamilton Trust, who give permission for it to be adapted as wished by individual users. We refer you to our warning, at the foot of the block overview, about links to other websites.

Why do some people have stronger leg muscles than others? 1. The question we want to investigate is … Why do some people have stronger leg muscles than others? Do not worry if you were not able to do many swap jumps. Everyone is important in a science investigation because everyone is different and everyone is special!

2. In science, your hunch is called a prediction What is your hunch? Discuss this and share your ideas In science, your hunch is called a prediction

3. When they investigate questions, scientists need to collect data. What data do we already have on how strong people’s leg muscles are? The number of swap jumps each person could do before their muscles became tired.

4. Perhaps there is a link between the number of jumps people could do and the amount or the type of regular physical activity or sport they do?

5. Discuss how you can collect data on this. Try to think of something you can count. It’s time to share your ideas

6. You might have thought of these: The number of sport sessions or clubs they go to each week Or -The number of hours they spend doing sport or physical activity each week Or – The type of sport they do each week

7. Let’s split into 2 groups so that we can research whether there is a link between the number of jumps people could do and: The type of exercise they do each week The amount of exercise they do each week

8. It’s time to start researching!

Is there a link between the number of swap jumps people can do and: It’s time to look at our data to see if our predictions are correct on the questions we have been investigating. Is there a link between the number of swap jumps people can do and: the type of exercise they do regularly? the amount of exercise they do regularly?

First let’s hear from the groups that were investigating whether the type of exercise people do affects the strength in their legs What types of regular exercise are the swap jump champs doing each week? Did you think there is a link? Were your predictions correct?

Now let’s hear from the groups that were investigating whether the amount of exercise people do affects the strength in their legs What data did you collect on the amount of exercise people do? Did there seem to be a link between amount of exercise and the number of swap jumps? Were your predictions correct?

Sometimes it is hard to tell if there is a link by just looking at the data so scientists often like to draw graphs to help them spot patterns.

A Scattergram can help us to look for patterns in data A Scattergram can help us to look for patterns in data. You need 2 axes, one for each type of data you collected. Draw a pair of axes on your flip chart. Label the vertical axis – Number of Jumps. Label the horizontal axis with the type of data you collected. Number of Jumps

e.g. Number of 1 hour sports sessions a week You may need to choose a scale for your vertical axis, this one goes up in 2s. Come up to the flip chart 2 or 3 at a time and make a cross to show your own data point. 16 14 This person does 3 hours of sport a week and did 11 swap jumps 12 Number of Jumps 10 8 How many hours of sport a week does this person do? And how many swap jumps? 6 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 e.g. Number of 1 hour sports sessions a week

Once everyone has added a cross to the scattergram to show their data point, you can look for a rough pattern. This line shows more Jumps with more sessions! One of these scattergrams shows no link between the number of swap jumps and the amount of sport done each week, whilst the other shows there is a link. Can you tell which is which?

Is there any pattern to your data? What does this show? Was your prediction right? Why might this be?