Endocrine System Disorders

Pituitary Dwarfism Cause: Insufficient HGH production results in pituitary Dwarfism

- Medication to increase levels of growth hormone in the body Symptoms: People with this disorder have a short stature with normal length arms and legs. Treatment: - Medication to increase levels of growth hormone in the body http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/29721-human-mutants-pituitary-dwarfism-video.htm

Gigantism Cause: Overproduction of HGH before puberty

Surgery to remove the tumour Symptoms: Individuals with this disorder have abnormally long skeleton bones. Treatments: Surgery to remove the tumour Medications to stop or slow HGH production Excess Growth Hormone - video http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/34530-extreme-bodies-excess-growth-hormone-video.htm

Acromegaly Cause: Overproduction of HGH after puberty. The cause of the increased production of HGH is usually a tumor in the pituitary gland

- Medications to reduce the level of HGH Extreme bodies- acromegaly Symptoms: thickening of bone tissue, abnormal growth of the head, hands and feet, and spinal deformities Treatment: - Surgery - Medications to reduce the level of HGH Extreme bodies- acromegaly http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/34529-extreme-bodies-acromegaly-video.htm

Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s Disease) Cause: an excess of thyroxin production. Ex: It can occur when antibodies attach to TSH receptors on thyroid cells. This causes the cells of the thyroid gland to continually produce thyroxine.

Symptoms: Enlargement of the thyroid gland, called a Goiter Muscle weakness Increased metabolism Excessive heat production Sweating Warm skin Increased appetite, but weight loss Bulging or protruding eyes.

Treatment: - Surgical removal of the thyroid gland. - Thyroid blocking drugs. - Treatment with radioactive iodine. - Injections of thyroid hormone.

Goiter DO NOT WRITE! Goiter is a swelling of the thyroid gland caused by insufficient levels of iodine in an individuals diet. Low levels of iodine in the diet causes an increase in cell division in the thyroid gland causing it to expand. As the gland swells, a bulge occurs in the neck of the individuals. Early treatment for the goiter involved adding iodine to the diet of individuals and adding iodine to drinking water.

Hypothyroidism Cause: a decrease in thyroxine output which is caused by iodine deficiency.

Treatment: medication to increase the level of thyroxine in the body Symptoms: Reduced metabolism Reduced tolerance to cold temperatures Decreased heart rate Decreased appetite, but weight gain Decreased mental capacity Weakness and fatigue Poor physical development Treatment: medication to increase the level of thyroxine in the body

Overview of thyroid problems - video http://www. youtube. com/watch