1. The Endocrine System
Chapter 18. Lesson 1

2. Endocrine Glands
Ductless-or tubeless-organs or group of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
Hormones are chemical substances that are produced in glands and help regulate many of your body’s functions

3. Hormones produced during puberty trigger physical changes in the body.

4. Pituitary Gland
Regulates and controls the activities of all of the other endocrine glands
Known as the master gland
3 sections
Anterior
Intermediate
posterior

5. Adrenal Glands
Help the body recover from stress and respond to emergencies
Have 2 parts
Adrenal cortex
Sodium, urine, blood volume&pressure, metabolism of fat, protein & carbohydrates
Adrenal medulla
Heartbeat, respiration, blood pressure, digestive system

6. Problems of the Endocrine System
Diabetes- disorder in which the pancreas produces too little or no insulin resulting in high glucose levels
Symptoms include fatigues, weight loss, thirst, and frequent urination

7. Graves Disease Hyperthyroidism
Overactive and enlarged thyroid glands produce excessive amounts of thyroxine.
Symptoms include nervousness, weight loss, increased thirst, rapid heartbeat and intolerance for heat
Low production of thyroxine is hypothyroidism. Causes fatigue, dry skin, weight gain, constipation and sensitivity to cold

8. Cushing’s Disease Overproduction of adrenal hormones
Symptoms include round face, humped upper back, thin and easily bruised skin, and fragile bones
Can occur in dogs too

9. Goiter
Enlargment of the thyroid gland, caused by lack of iodine in the diet.
Since we have iodized salt, goiters have become rare in the U.S.

10. Growth Disorders Caused by abnormal amounts of growth hormone
With early diagnosis and proper treatment a child with a growth disorder can reach a normal height

11. Acromegaly & Gigantism
Acromegaly is different than gigantism, although both conditions can have a similar cause. Acromegaly occurs in adulthood, when the long bones of the legs and arms have stopped growing. Gigantism occurs in childhood. People affected by gigantism can grow to great heights. One of the best-known examples is "Andre the Giant" (Andre Rousimoff), who was 6 feet 3 inches by age 12, and reached a height of 8 feet 4 inches in adulthood. Men and women are equally affected by acromegaly.