Preparing for Hurricane Irene, East Coast USA, August 2011

Key idea: Tropical storms have significant effects on people and the environment Primary and secondary effects of tropical storms Immediate and long term responses to tropical storms Named example of a Tropical Storm: Hurricane Katrina, USA How monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the effects of tropical storms

How monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the effects of tropical storms Up to 4: Describe some basic ideas for what people can do to reduce the damage and destruction caused by tropical storms. 5/6: Describe in more detail how people reduce the impact of tropical storms. Begin to categorise into monitoring & prediction, protection and planning. 7+: Describe in detail how people can reduce the impact of tropical storms by giving specific examples of monitoring & prediction, protection and planning.

How monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the effects of tropical storms

Remember Hurricane Katrina? Lessons Learned?

Reducing the Effects of Tropical Storms What are these? Reducing the Effects of Tropical Storms

Where have you seen the 3 P’s before? Managing the effects of tectonic hazards. Planning replaces Preparation – although they are similar

Protect Plan Predict Training emergency services and the public so they know the procedures and plans to follow in the event of a tropical storm. Forecasting where and when a tropical storm will strike, so that preparation and evacuation can take place. Building to an appropriate standard and using designs to withstand winds and flood waters.

Prediction Planning Protection

Scientists use data from things like radar, satellites and aircraft to monitor storms. Computer models calculate a predicted path for the storm. Emergency services can train and prepare for disasters, e.g. by practicing rescuing people from flooded areas with helicopters. This reduces the number of people killed. Predicting where and when a tropical storm is going to happen gives people time to evacuate and protect their homes and businesses, e.g. by boarding up windows Governments can plan evacuation routes to get people away from storms quickly. Future developments, e.g. new houses, can be planned to avoid the high risk areas. Flood defences can be built along rivers, e.g. levees, and coasts, e.g. sea walls. Buildings can be designed to withstand tropical storms by using reinforced concrete. Buildings can be put onto stilts so they are safe from floodwater. Building design and flood defences reduce the number of buildings destroyed, so fewer people will be killed, injured, made homeless and unemployed.

Predict? Plan? Protect?

Predict? Plan? Protect?

Predict? Plan? Protect?

Predict? Plan? Protect?

Predict? Plan? Protect?

Predict? Plan? Protect?

How this will help to reduce the effects of a tropical storm? There are many signs like this in areas of the USA where tropical storms are likely. How this will help to reduce the effects of a tropical storm?

What do you think is happening here? Evacuation before Hurricane Rita, Florida, USA in September 2005

Make a poster to show people how to prepare their home in advance of a hurricane

Ideas for your poster

How monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the effects of tropical storms

Describe how people can reduce the effects of tropical storms (4) L1 1-2 marks: Valid ways to reduce effects given – lacks description. L2 3-4 marks: Valid ways to reduce effects described – more than one idea needed for 4 marks.

Describe how prediction and preparation can reduce the effects of tropical storms(6) L1 1-4 marks: Prediction or preparation described – must be clear of on the difference between. Listed ideas/bullet points 2 marks max. L2 5-6 marks: Prediction and preparation described, with clear distinction between the two.

Describe how prediction, planning and preparation can reduce the effects of tropical storms (8) L1 1-4 marks: General ideas on how to reduce the effects of tropical storms. Does not make the differences between the 3P’s clear L2 5-6 marks: 2 of the 3P’s described with difference clear. L3 7-8 marks: Examples of all 3 P’s given. Clear on the difference between the 3. Description well developed.

Add this work to your notes. Compare how a rich country like the USA manages the hurricane threat with how a poorer country like Bangladesh manages the threat of cyclones. What are the similarities? What is different? To what extent is money making a difference when it comes reducing damage, destruction and saving lives? Add this work to your notes.

Ways to reduce the effects of a tropical storm

Key idea: Tropical storms have significant effects on people and the environment Primary and secondary effects of tropical storms Immediate and long term responses to tropical storms Named example of a Tropical Storm: Hurricane Katrina, USA How monitoring, prediction, protection and planning can reduce the effects of tropical storms