Chapter 9 Review The Jefferson Era

1. Election of 1800 – Federalist candidate – John Adams 2 1. Election of 1800 – Federalist candidate – John Adams 2. Democratic Republican – Thomas Jefferson 3. The House of Representatives decided the election because there was a tie between Jefferson and the Republican candidate for Vice President – Aaron Burr

Republican Thomas Jefferson won the election of 1800. 5. Aaron Burr was voted the Republican Vice President.

6. The 12th Amendment was added after the election to allow the President and Vice President to be on separate ballots.

7. Jefferson believed in reducing the power and size of the government. 8. Laissez-faire – let the people do as they choose. 9. John Marshall – Federalist Chief Justice 10. Adams ensured Federalists would control the courts. 11. Judicial Review – right of the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates the Constitution.

12. Marbury v. Madison – court case that set the precedent of judicial review. 13. Conestoga Wagons – sturdy vehicles topped with white canvas. 14. In 1800, the territory of the US extended only as far west as the Mississippi River.

15. The US purchased the Louisiana Territory from France. 16. Napoleon Bonaparte – French ruler who had plans for Empires in Europe and the Americas. 17. The US paid $15 million for the Louisiana Territory. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase

19. Jefferson hired Lewis and Clark to explore the Louisiana Territory. 20. They left from St. Louis, the “gateway to the west.” 21. The young Shoshone woman who joined the group was Sacagawea.

22. Secede – withdraw 23. Aaron Burr – killed Hamilton in a duel. 24. Tribute – protection money 25. Customs duties – taxes on imports 26. Neutral rights – right to sail the seas and not take sides 27. Impressment – forcing people to serve in the navy

28. Embargo Act – Banned US trade with other countries. 29. James Madison – elected president in 1808 30. Tecumseh – Shawnee chief 31. General Harrison – governor of Indiana Territory

32. War Hawks – Young Republicans who pressed for war. 33. Nationalism – loyalty to your country 34. Henry Clay & John C. Calhoun – leading War Hawks

35. War of 1812 – conflict between Great Britain and the US. 36. Oliver H. Perry – Commander who destroyed the British naval forces on Lake Erie. 37. Frigates – warships 38. Privateers – armed private ships

39. Francis Scott Key – wrote the “Star Spangled Banner” 40. Tecumseh – hopes of a Native American confederation Ended with his death. 41. Treaty of Ghent – ended the War of 1812

42. New Orleans – battle fought after the War was over. 43. Andrew Jackson – hero of the Battle of New Orleans 44. Federalist party - lost respect

45. Why did Jefferson send the Corps of Discovery into the Louisiana Territory? To explore and map the new territory Scientific venture-gain knowledge of plants, animals and people

46. War of 1812 Causes – impressment of Americans, British alliance with Native Americans, interference with American trade and ships Effects – new spirit of nationalism – pride in the US, Republicans gain respect, Federalists lose power, gained respect of other nations, we could concentrate on domestic issues – expanding west

47. Benefits of the Louisiana Purchase – Doubled the size of US Gave US full control of the Mississippi River and port of New Orleans Cheap abundant land for farmers

48. Congress declares war on Great Britain