CANADA

Canada Canada is located on the continent of North America. Canada has 10 provinces and 3 territories. Borders: North – Arctic Ocean South – USA East – Atlantic Ocean West – Pacific Ocean Canada has the longest coastline in the world. National symbol – Maple Leaf Official languages – English and French Canada is the second largest country in the world. (Russia is the largest) Ottawa is the capital.

Geography

Government Each province has its own government and each shares power with Canada’s central government located in Ottawa. Canadians recognize The Queen of England as their Head of State. The Governor General carries out Her Majesty’s duties in Canada. The Prime Minister is the Head of the Government. Parliament makes the laws.

Population Canada has about 10% of the population of the US. Many live in cities close to the southern border. (Vancouver, Toronto, Montreal)

Ontario (Toronto) Quebec (Quebec City) Two of the most populated provinces Quebec is the largest in land size. 1/3 of total population live in southern Ontario Climate – Warm Continental: hot, rainy summers; long, cold, snowy winters

Prairie Provinces Manitoba (Winnipeg Saskatchewan (Regina) Alberta (Edmonton) More than ¾ of Canada’s farmland is in the Prairie Provinces. Climate – Dry Continental: long, cold winters; warm, dry summers

Agricultural Products Beef cattle Chickens Eggs Hogs Milk Wheat (largest Crop)

British Columbia (Victoria) More than 90% of British Columbia is owned by the government, which manages the land and its resources. British Columbia is the largest single exporter of soft wood lumber in the world. British Columbia is the third-largest film production center in North America. Climate along the Pacific coast is mild due to the warm Alaskan current, and the Rocky Mts block cold air from the continent.

Products From the Forest Canada is the world’s leading exporter of wood products from Fir, Pine, and Spruce trees: Newsprint Wood pulp Lumber Plywood

Maritime (Atlantic) Provinces New Brunswick (Fredericton) Nova Scotia (Halifax) Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown) Newfoundland and Labrador (St. John’s) Climate – Cool, winters are warmer than inland Canada Fishing and ship building is an important part of this region’s economy.

Products From the Ocean Fishing: Cod Lobster Salmon Scallops Herring

Northern Territories Yukon (Whitehorse) Northwest (Yellowknife) Nunavut (Iqualuit) Climate – Cold Continental: very cold winters with temperatures varying greatly by season These territories make up more than 1/3 of Canada’s total land area and stretch into the Arctic Ocean. Less than 1% of Canada’s population live here.

Minerals and Metals Canada produces large quantities of metals and minerals such as: Coal Petroleum Nickel Zinc Silver Gold Copper Lead Iron Uranium

Furs Are Exported Beaver Muskrat Mink