3.04 Functions and disorders of the eye 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Essential Questions What are the functions of the sensory system? What are some disorders of the sensory system? How are sensory system disorders treated? How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye Sight 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye External eye Orbit Eyelids and eyelashes Women blink twice as often as men. Why do we blink? Conjunctiva Covers, protects Lacrimal apparatus Wet, flush debris Extrinsic muscles Interesting tidbit 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye External eye Extrinsic muscles Which extrinsic muscle allows you to look upward? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Cornea Protection, focus light Iris Adjusts pupil Pupil hole 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Lens Change focal distance 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye Internal eye Sclera Protection from injury Retina Receive light, convert to neural signals 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye What is the macula? Tiny spot at center of retina Responsible for sharp, clear, central vision 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye Process of Seeing Trace the field of vision. Is there anything strange about this picture? Explain Why can’t you see in the dark? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Understanding the functions of the eye Vision What happens as you move your paper away from and toward to your eye? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Rods and cones of the retina Understanding the functions of the eye Rods and cones of the retina What are the functions of the rods and cones? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Check your knowledge! 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Vision Activity Do you see what I see? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Disorders of the eye Presbyopia Astigmatism Glaucoma Diabetic retinopathy Detached retina Hyperopia Color blindness Cataract Myopia Conjunctivitis Have you heard of these conditions? What do you know about them? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Cataract Clouding of the lens of the eye -can be congenital or due to aging or trauma 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Cataract s/s: diplopia, halos around light, clouded/blurred vision, sensitivity to light/glare Treatment: surgery (remove lens, replace with artificial lens) 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Color blindness Do you see the number? What is color blindness? -reduced ability to differentiate color True color blindness is rare Ishihara chart 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Color blindness Causes: Genetics, diseases, (diabetes, glaucoma, macular degeneration, etc.), medications, aging More common in males than females Treatment: none Ishihara chart 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
How is conjunctivitis spread? Disorders of the eye How is conjunctivitis spread? How can it be prevented? Conjunctivitis What is conjunctivitis? s/s: redness, itchy eyes, sensation of foreign object, discharge during sleeping, tearing Causes: direct contact with infected fluids Treatment: Medication 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Detached retina Retina pulls away from the blood vessels supplying oxygen and nutrients -emergency medical condition potentially leading to blindness 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Detached retina s/s: sudden appearance of floaters, flashes of light, or shadow over portion of visual field Causes: injury, advanced diabetes, inflammatory eye disorder Treatment: Surgery, but not guaranteed 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Diabetic retinopathy Causes: too much sugar can lead to blockage of vessels s/s: floaters, blurred/fluctuating/ impaired vision, dark spots, vision loss Treatment: Surgery to reattach 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Glaucoma Damage to optic nerve; increased pressure s/s: patchy blind spots, severe HA, eye pain, n/v, blurred vision, halos Tonometry 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Glaucoma Treatment: prescription eye drops, surgery Prevention: regular eye exams, know family history, exercise, eye protection Tonometry 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Macular degeneration Inability to focus due to degeneration Compare the two types. Wet-blood vessels leak into surrounding tissue Dry-macula thins, breaks down 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Disorders of the eye Macular degeneration How is it diagnosed? Test for defects in central vision, fluorescein angiogram, exam of the back of eye (pressure) What is the treatment? laser surgery, medication, light therapy (photodynamic) 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
Problems with Focus Compare the symptoms and treatments of these common eye disorders. Can a person have more than one of these disorders? Explain. 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
What is the difference between an ophthalmologist and an optician? Testing vision How do we test visual acuity? What is 20/20? What does PERRLA mean? What is the difference between an ophthalmologist and an optician? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system Essential Questions What are the functions of the sensory system? What are some disorders of the sensory system? How are sensory system disorders treated? How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system? 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Functions and disorders of the eye The End 3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system