1. Fundamentals of Sensation and Perception LIGHT AND THE EYES ERIK CHEVRIER NOVEMBER 10, 2015

2. Video Light Waves – Visible and Invisible Is Light a Particle or Wave? Particles and Waves What are all those Floaty Things in Your Eye? The Evolution of the Human Eye

3. The Human Visual System

4. Light Electromagnetic Radiation Light is a wave ◦Wavelength Light is a particle ◦Photon ◦Absorbs ◦Reflects ◦Refracts Optic Array

5. Field of View

6. Acuity and Eye Movements

7. Extraocular Muscles

8. Structure and Function of the Eye

9. Lens and Accommodation

10. Retina

13. Rods and Cones

16. Rods and Cones – Operating Range Dark Adaptation

17. Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGC)

18. Receptive Field

19. RGC Center-Surround Receptive Field

21. Lateral Inhibition

22. Disorders of Vision Strabismus – Disorder of extraocular muscles where the two eyes are not allied with one another. Causes blurry vision. Amblyopia – Neural signals from one eye are not processed properly. Fine vision does not develop in that eye. Disorders of accommodation ◦Myopia ◦Hyperopia ◦Presbyopia ◦Astigmatism

23. Disorders of Vision Glaucoma – Intraocular pressure is too high for a person’s eye caused by a blockage of the openings that let aqueous humor drain from the anterior chamber. Floaters – Shadows on the retina thrown by debris within the vitreous humor. Phosphenes – Brief, tiny flashes in the person’s field of view not caused by light but a variety of other causes. Retinitis Pigmentosa – an inherited condition which there is gradual degeneration of the photoreceptors over many years. Macular Degeneration – Damage to photo receptors in the macula. ◦Dry – Cells degenerate in the pigment epithelium which cause the loss of photo receptors overlaying those cells. ◦Wet – New blood vesicles grow under the retina, leak fluid, bleed and scar.

24. Questions? Have a great day!