Preview Section 1 What Is Matter? Section 2 Physical Properties The Properties of Matter Preview Section 1 What Is Matter? Section 2 Physical Properties Section 3 Chemical Properties Concept Mapping

Bellringer What are some of the ingredients or components in Section 1 What Is Matter? Bellringer What are some of the ingredients or components in the following items: loaf of bread, textbook, bicycle. Can you break down any of the ingredients or components even further? For example, one of the components of a book is obviously paper, but what are the components of paper? Record your thoughts in your science journal.

Objectives Describe the two properties of all matter. Section 1 What Is Matter? Objectives Describe the two properties of all matter. Identify the units usually used to measure volume and mass in the metric system. Compare mass and weight. The difference is…? Explain the relationship between mass and inertia.

What Is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Section 1 What Is Matter? What Is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter in the Universe Everything in the universe is made up of some type of matter.

Matter Section 1 What Is Matter? Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Section 1 What Is Matter? Matter and Volume Liquid Volume Liters (L) and milliliters (mL) are the units used most often to express the volume of liquids. In the lab, mL is most commonly used Measuring the Volume of Liquids The next slide shows how to measure the volume of liquids.

Measuring the Volume of Liquids Section 1 What Is Matter? Measuring the Volume of Liquids Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Volume = length  width  height Section 1 What Is Matter? Measuring Volume 1. A Regularly-Shaped Solid Object Volume = length  width  height 2. An Irregularly Shaped Solid Object Displacement Method Submerge the object completely in a known volume of water. The amount that volume increases is = to the volume of the object (is the objects “displacement”).

Section 1 What Is Matter? Volume = L x W x H

Section 1 What Is Matter? Matter and Mass The Difference Between Mass and Weight Weight is gravitational force x mass, BUT Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Measuring Mass and Weight The “base” SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg), and weight in the metric system is measured in Newtons (N). The English unit of mass is the “slug,” and weight in the English system is measured in pounds

Section 1 What Is Matter? Matter and Mass The Difference Between Mass and Weight Weight is gravitational force x mass, BUT Mass is the amount of matter in an object. For a given object, its mass won’t change depending on location, but gravity might, causing the weight to go up or down. Example: a 500kg rock weighs less on the moon because the moon has less gravity. The rock still has 500kg of matter, even on the moon.

Section 1 What Is Matter? Inertia What Is Inertia? Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion. It is a property of matter. Inertia is directly proportional to mass Mass: The Measure of Inertia An object that has a large mass is harder to move and harder to stop than an object that has less mass. The reason is that the object with the large mass has greater inertia. Newton’s First Law is known as the Law of Inertia

Bellringer If you were asked to describe an orange to someone Section 2 Physical Properties Bellringer If you were asked to describe an orange to someone who had never seen an orange, what would you tell the person? How would you describe a grapefruit and a lemon? How do you distinguish between similar objects? Share your strategies with the group after you have recorded your answers in your notebook.

Objectives Identify six examples of physical properties of matter. Section 2 Physical Properties Objectives Identify six examples of physical properties of matter. Describe how density is used to identify substances. List six examples of physical changes. Explain what happens to matter during a physical change.

Section 2 Physical Properties What Are Physical Properties? A physical property of matter can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity.

Section 2 Physical Properties

Physical Properties, continued Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued Identifying Matter Physical properties are used to identify matter. Density Density is a physical property. It’s the amount of matter in a given space, or volume.

Physical Properties, continued Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued Liquid Layers The graduated cylinder below contains six liquids. Each liquid is a different density so the liquids form layers. Which layer is most dense? Density of Solids Knowing the density of a substance can also tell you what kind of substance it is.

Rearrange this equation as needed to solve for a particular variable. Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued Solving for Density To find an objects density (D), first measure its mass (m) and volume (V). Then use the following equation: D = m / V Rearrange this equation as needed to solve for a particular variable.

Physical Properties, continued Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued Using Density to Identify Substances Look at the table below to compare densities of several common substances.

Section 3 Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties You can observe physical properties without changing the identity of the substance. Chemical properties are more difficult to observe. Characteristic Properties The label given to properties that are most useful in identifying a substance is characteristic properties. Common characteristic physical properties include boiling point, melting point, density, solubility.

Section 2 Physical Properties

Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances. Same stuff! Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances. Same stuff! Examples of Physical Changes Some examples of physical changes are crushing, phase change (melting, freezing, sublimation, condensation, evaporation…)

Section 2 Physical Properties Matter and Physical Changes Physical changes do not change the identity of the matter involved. NO NEW STUFF IS MADE ! This is different than a chemical change, where new stuff is made.

Bellringer Is rust (oxidized iron) the same substance as pure iron? Section 3 Chemical Properties Bellringer Look at the picture of the car on the next slide. Describe where you have seen other examples of rusting. What do all your examples have in common? Write your responses in your science journal. Then, compare your responses with the rest of the group’s responses. Is rust (oxidized iron) the same substance as pure iron?

Section 3 Chemical Properties

OXIDATION is a chemical change. Section 3 Chemical Properties Iron REACTS with oxygen (it oxidizes) to produce a new substance: Iron Oxide. Iron oxide has different properties than pure iron. OXIDATION is a chemical change.

Objectives Describe two examples of chemical properties. Section 3 Chemical Properties Objectives Describe two examples of chemical properties. Explain what happens during a chemical change. Distinguish between physical and chemical changes.

Section 3 Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties You can observe physical properties without changing the identity of the substance. Chemicals properties are more difficult to observe. Characteristic Properties The properties that are most useful in identifying a substance are characteristic properties.

Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties Section 3 Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

Chemical Changes and New Substances Section 3 Chemical Properties Chemical Changes and New Substances What Happens During a Chemical Change? During a chemical change a substance changes chemical properties. Signs of Chemical Changes Some common signs of chemical changes includes a change in color, odor, production of heat, fizzing, and so on. Matter and Chemical Changes Chemical changes change the identity of the matter involved. NEW STUFF!

Section 3 Chemical Properties

Physical Versus Chemical Changes Section 3 Chemical Properties Physical Versus Chemical Changes A Change in Composition Physical changes do not change the composition of a substance. Chemical changes do. Reversing Changes Many physical changes are easily reversed, but most chemical changes cannot easily be reversed.

Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes Section 3 Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

The Properties of Matter Concept Mapping Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide. matter milliliters mass cubic centimeters motion weight volume gravity cubic centimeters

The Properties of Matter

The Properties of Matter