CHAPTER 31 REHABILITATIVE CAREERS Lesson 1 Articulation Audiology Disability Dispense Dosage Frequency Hydrotherapy Nebulizer Orthotics Pharmacology Prosthesis Prosthetics Rehabilitation Therapy Journal question: What are the roles of the patient and family members when a patient is in rehabilitation?

Chapter 31 Learning Objectives Define at least 10 terms relating to rehabilitative health care. Identify the function of the rehabilitative health care team. Describe the role of at least five of the rehabilitative health care team members, including personal qualities, levels of education, and credentialing requirements.

Chapter 31 Learning Objectives Identify at least five methods or devices used to improve activities of daily living for the disabled. Describe two types of hearing loss and two methods of assessing defects in hearing.

Rehabilitative Careers A rehabilitation team works closely with the patient and family members. Requires creativity, persistence, and ability to work with a variety of people Requires strong listening and verbal skills, analytical ability, and patience

Rehabilitative Health Careers

Rehabilitative Careers: Educational Cost and Earnings

Physical Therapist Physical therapists work to restore function, relieve pain, and prevent disability after disease, injury, or loss of a body part. May specialize in different areas of practice Education Master’s degree preferred Entry level position requires bachelor’s degree in physical therapy Licensure by state Completion of certification in physical therapy is being phased out.

Physical Therapist Specialties in physical therapy Rehabilitation Community services Sports Industry Research Education Administration Discuss opportunities as a physical therapist in each of the specialty areas.

Physical Therapy Assistant Provides routine treatments under the supervision of a physical therapist: Application of hot and cold packs Ultraviolet and infrared light treatments Ultrasound and electrical stimulation Hydrotherapy Observes patients during treatment and records performance Education 2 years of college-level training Discuss each of the routine treatments performed by a physical therapy assistant.

Kinesiotherapist Works under the direction of a physician Uses exercise to help patients strengthen and coordinate body movements: Maintaining muscle endurance, mobility, strength, and coordination Education Bachelor’s degree in exercise physiology or physical education Internship of at least 1,000 hours of training Certification and national registration is optional Kinesiotherapists work with geriatric, psychiatric, and cardiac patients, as well as those who have physical or developmental disabilities.

Orientation and Mobility Instructors or Specialists Help visually impaired and blind individuals to move about independently Methods of improving mobility Cane Sensors Guide dogs Electronic travel aids Education Bachelor’s degree is minimal, and a master’s degree is preferred. Certification is voluntary.

Orthotist and Prosthetist Certified orthotist (CO) Provides services for clients with disabling conditions of the limbs or spine Designs, fabricates, and fits braces or strengthening apparatus Supervises support personnel and laboratory activities Education Baccalaureate degree Certification through the American Orthotic and Prosthetic Association (AOPA) Completion of approved program One year of experience Certification examination Orthosis is a device for straightening a distorted part.

Orthotist and Prosthetist Certified prosthetist (CP) Provides care to clients with partial or total absence of a limb and those who use an artificial limb (prosthesis) Designs material selection, production, instruction on use, and evaluation of the appliance Education Baccalaureate degree Certification through the American Orthotic and Prosthetic Association (AOPA) Completion of approved program One year of experience Certification examination Myoelectronics is the technical term for electromechanical prostheses. Myoelectronic technology amplifies and transfers nerve impulses from the body into electrical current to drive a motor.

Corrective Therapist Conducts physical exercise programs to prevent muscle deterioration in inactive patients Teaches the use of braces, crutches, and canes Education Bachelor’s or master’s degree Elastic stockings may be used for patients with limited mobility to decrease the chance of embolus development.

Elastic Stockings FIGURE 31-2 Elastic stockings help to prevent the development of emboli. Refer students to skill list 31-1, Applying Elastic Stockings.

Pedorthist Modifies and provides footwear to patients with imperfectly formed feet Follows prescriptions of a physician No educational requirements Can be learned through seminars Certification recommended Conditions that may require specially fitted shoes include arthritis, injury, and congenital defects.

Occupational Therapist Evaluates patients, plans the programs, and supervises, or provides treatment Uses activities to help a person develop, maintain, or regain skills Analyzes activity to determine an adaptive skill Education 4-year baccalaureate program 6 months of clinical training Successful completion of a national examination Most states require licensure. Discuss types of activities that may require an adaptive device for the patient to perform the skill.

Occupational Therapy Assistants and Aides Instruct and assist clients to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) Certification through COTA after completion of an approved 2-year program Occupational therapy aides Assists with transportation, equipment assembly, and maintenance of work areas Trained on the job

Athletic Trainer Works under the supervision of the team physician in a variety of amateur and professional sports and other settings Prevents injury and performs emergency treatment Uses methods that include corrective exercise, conditioning, rehabilitation, and nutrition counseling Education 4-year college or university program, including a minimum of an 1800-hour internship over 2 years High schools, colleges, professional sports team, and other athletic agencies employ athletic trainers.

Summary The function of the rehabilitative health care team is to provide services designed to overcome disabilities. The role of the physical therapist is to restore function, relieve pain, and prevent disability after illness or injury. The orthotist designs and makes braces. The occupational therapist helps patients live independently.

Summary Five methods or devices used to improve activities of daily living include the use of canes, elastic stockings, guide dogs, braces, and prosthetic limbs. Two types of hearing loss are conductive and sensorineural.

Review The health care worker who helps patients strengthen and coordinate body movement using exercise is a: a. Kinesiotherapist b. Audiologist c. Prosthetist d. Occupational therapist e. Physical therapist

Review The health care worker who helps patients strengthen and coordinate body movement using exercise is a: a. Kinesiotherapist b. Audiologist c. Prosthetist d. Occupational therapist e. Physical therapist

Review Speech pathologists treat disorders such as: a. Delayed language development b. Inability to speak c. Stuttering d. Articulation problems e. All of the above

Review Speech pathologists treat disorders such as: a. Delayed language development b. Inability to speak c. Stuttering d. Articulation problems e. All of the above