RPAS – legal frame work and normal use Procedură internă RPAS – legal frame work and normal use Remus DOGARU Romanian Civil Aviation Authority Larnaca, Cyprus / 21.10.2016 Iunie 2010 A - 20

Presentation content Terms / abbreviation used today Definition Type and dimension Area of activity Aeronautical legal framework – EASA Legal framework – Romania Future intention for legal framework change

This “flight equipment” or “toys” is aircraft We present the situation only for civil aircraft State aircraft – army, police, and border Legal base – ICAO Annexes and another documents issued by ICAO RPAS, taking in consideration price and accessibility, became part of our life Benefit and risk in case of use this new type of aircraft are similar Industry request new legislation based on the analyses of the risk of operations 3

Terms / abbreviation used today RPAS – remotely piloted aircraft system UAV – unmanned aerial vehicle UAS – unmanned aircraft systems ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization UE – European Union EASA – European Aviation Safety Agency

Definition Aircraft: Any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the reactions of the air against the earth’s surface Aircraft — category: Classification of aircraft according to specified basic characteristics, e.g. aeroplane, helicopter, glider, free balloon Autonomous aircraft: An unmanned aircraft that does not allow pilot intervention in the management of the flight Autonomous operation: An operation during which a remotely-piloted aircraft is operating without pilot intervention in the management of the flight Commercial operation: An aircraft operation conducted for business purposes (mapping, security surveillance, wildlife survey, aerial application, etc.) other than commercial air transport, for remuneration or hire 5

Definition Remote pilot: The person who manipulates the flight controls of a remotely-piloted aircraft during flight time Remote pilot station: The station at which the remote pilot manages the flight of an unmanned aircraft Remotely-piloted: Control of an aircraft from a pilot station which is not on board the aircraft Remotely-piloted aircraft: An aircraft where the flying pilot is not on board the aircraft. Remotely-piloted aircraft system: A set of configurable elements consisting of a remotely-piloted aircraft, its associated remote pilot station(s), the required command and control links and any other system elements as may be required, at any point during flight operation. 6

Remotely piloted aicraft RPA conducting autonomous flight/segments; or Autonomous aircraft conducting remotely piloted flight segments Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles (UAV) Remotely piloted aicraft Autonomous aircraft Model aircraft RPA used for recreational purposes; or Model aircraft used for other than recreational purposes

Type and dimension Nano-RPAS

Type and dimension Boeing BAMS* *Broad Area Maritime Systems

Type and dimension MQ-9 Reaper  „Barracuda” 10

Type and dimension

Area of activity 22 august 1849 Austrian army attack Venice with balloons loaded with explosives (diameter 23 ft , detonate prin electromagnetism); 1930 first RPAS (radion control); 2006 first use in civil scope; 2011 first use in commercial scope; Cinemas: 1989 “Back to the future II”; 2005 “Syriana”; 2008 “Misiune Imposibilă III”; 2015 “Eye in the sky”

Area of activity Aerial footage / aerial photography; Inspections in inaccessible areas (energy transport lines, gas lines, offshore, wind etc.); Transport of goods (cargo); Providing information on traffic / shipping status intermodal connections in real time; Precision agriculture; Surveillance missions (land / air);

Aeronautical legal framework – EASA Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Aviation Safety Agency, and repealing Council Directive 91/670/EEC, Regulation (EC) No 1592/2002 and Directive 2004/36/E Commission Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003 on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appliances, and on the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks Part M – Annex I / Part 14 – Annex II / Part 66 – Annex III / Part 147 – Annex IV 17

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Legal framework – RPAS COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL “A new era for aviation – Opening the aviation market to the civil use of remotely piloted aircraft systems in a safe and sustainable manner” – 2014 RIGA DECLARATION ON REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT (drones) "FRAMING THE FUTURE OF AVIATION" – Riga, 6 March 2015 EASA “Concept of Operations for Drones A risk based approach to regulation of unmanned aircraft” – 2014 EASA “Proposal to create common rules for operating drones in Europe” – september 2015 EASA “Prototype” Commission Regulation on Unmanned Aircraft Operations – august 2016 EASA “Study and Recommendations regarding Unmanned Aircraft System Geo-Limitations” – october 2016 Final report “Drone Collision” Task Force – october 2016 19

Romania legal framework Aerial code Government Decision no. 912/2010 for approving the procedure for authorizing flights in the national airspace and the conditions under which civil aircraft taking off and landing can be made and from / to other land or water surfaces than certified aerodromes Transport Minister Order No. 806/2007 for the approval of Romanian civil aviation regulation RACR-AZAC " Flying Admissibility to certain categories of civil aircraft“ (art. 4) Romanian Aeronautical Civil Requirements RACR-AZAC " Flying Admissibility to certain categories of civil aircraft“ (Chapter 6 “Unmanned aircraft vehicles”) Airworthiness Directive (DN) No. 14-02-001 "Issuing identification certificates for civil aircraft powered unmanned (UAV)" 20

Romania legal framework Identification certificate for RPAS with MTOW below 2750 kg; National flight permit (PZN) for RPAS with MTOW over 15 kg, but below 150 kg; Insurance policy for RPAS with MTOW over 20 kg; Flights must be announced at the Air Operations Center / Ministry of Defence Approval from Ministry of Defence for aerial footage / aerial photography and flights below 300 m in case of Bucharest 21

Area of activity Aerial footage / aerial photography; Inspections in inaccessible areas (energy transport lines, gas lines, offshore, wind etc.); Transport of goods (cargo); Providing information on traffic / shipping status intermodal connections in real time; Precision agriculture; Surveillance missions (land / air); 22

Future intention for legal framework change 26

Cele 6 reguli simple de utilizare a RPAS-lor 27

Question?