1. Casa RPAS regulatory Development
Jim Coyne
CASA - Manager of Future Technology and Regulatory Trends
ICAO - Unmanned Aircraft Systems Study Group Chair

2. De Havilland DH60 Gypsy Moth 1929

3. Overview Terminology Regulations Airworthiness and Certification
Detect and Avoid Technology
Airspace Integration
Spectrum Issues
Issues and Challenges
CASA Regulatory Developments

4. UAS in Context
UAV – Common lexicon – General populous refers to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
An Unmanned Aircraft (UA) is an aircraft, therefore the majority of the ICAO/CASA requirements will apply/be affected
Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) consists of Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) + Remote Pilot Station + Command, Control, Communications (C3) Link
ICAO and CASA addressing entire system

5. Terminology
Unmanned aircraft system Remotely-piloted aircraft Remote pilot station Remotely-piloted aircraft system Remote pilot Remote Pilot License Remote crew member RPA observer UAS operator certificate Detect and avoid
UAS (umbrella term) RPA RPS RPAS (RPA+RPS+C2) RPL UOC (AOC comp.) D&A
Any new technology brings with it new terms, definitions and acronyms.
I have already used several of the new terms and acronyms that have been included in the Circular.
Here is a list of significant ones for you to be aware of. 5

6. REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT SYSTEM (RPAS)
A RPAS consists of:
The Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA)
Remote Pilot Station(s) (RPS)
The Command and Control (C2) data link
Communication Link
Other system elements as required, eg., software, health monitoring, D&A, ATC communications equipment, a flight termination system, and launch and recovery elements.

7. Current Regulation - CASR Part 101
CASR Part 101 – Unmanned Aircraft, Rockets and Model Aircraft
Subpart 101.F - Regulations for the operations of UAV systems
To operate a RPA under 150 kg:
No airworthiness requirements
Operational requirements
To operate a RPA above 150 kg must have:
Personnel approval and UAS Operating Certificate
Certificate of Registration
Maintenance Program
Certificate of Airworthiness
Experimental or Restricted category

8. Airworthiness Requirements
Certificate of Airworthiness
Experimental Certificate
Requires no Type Certification
Restricted Category
Requires Type Certification

9. Brings new complexities to the subject of certification.
TYPE CERTIFICATION
RPA will have to demonstrate compliance similar to that of manned aircraft.
Brings new complexities to the subject of certification.
Likely that components will be located in different States.
Unique RPAS equipment not addressed in the current regulations which will be more critical because of the potential magnitude of their impact. (eg FPV)

10. CASA Certification Requirements
Manned Aircraft
Structures/Fatigue
Cabin Safety
Crashworthiness
Mechanical Systems
Propulsion Systems
Avionics
Flight test
Unmanned Aircraft System
Structures/Fatigue
Frangibility
Mechanical Systems
Propulsion Systems
Avionics
Remote Pilot Station
Data link
Flight test

11. RPAS Products/Approval
Design of RPA, RPS and RPAS
– 3 aviation products / type approvals
Production
– Certificate of airworthiness for RPA
– Certificate of conformity for RPS
– Certificate of suitability for use for RPAS
–1 RPAS includes 1 RPA and one or more RPS
Continuing airworthiness
Relationship between TC holder and Comms Service Providers

12. Detect and avoid Technology still to be developed
Current technology inadequate for requirements
Working with ICAO and other NAAs
Working with Australian Research Organisations

13. Integration into Non-segregated Airspace
Technologies to be developed
ACAS is not good enough
ADS-B equivalent
Radar equivalent
Sight equivalent
Flight over Populous Areas

14. Spectrum Requirements
RPAS take up a huge amount of bandwidth.
ICAO is supporting the development of a common position on bandwidth and frequency spectrum requirements for command and control of UAS
CASA is working with ACMA and Airservices to standardise on a common goal for Australia

15. Issues and Challenges Training and Licensing Airspace integration
Autonomous emergency capability
Detect and Avoid
Certification
Bandwidth and frequency spectrum requirements
Regulatory framework
Public perception
How are we doing this?
UAS can provide increased mission effectiveness – Already seen this in the Military arena and becoming more and more prevalent in Civilian arena.
Human factors are NOT more trivial than manned – Can be more onerous
Detect and Avoid – Holding back the enhanced use of UAS

16. CASA Regulatory Developments
Project OS 11/20:
- CASR Part 101 review
- AC101-1 rewrite
Current Research:
- Small UAS Potential Harm Analysis

17. Project OS 11/20 – Review of Regulations and Guidance Material relating to UAS
Objectives
To provide more comprehensive guidance to industry
Consider the long term integration into all classes of airspace

18. Project Objective cont…
The Project will be undertaken in two phases:
Phase 1
CASR Part 101 review and amendment
– NPRM planned within next month:
Brings the terminology in line with ICAO,
Reviewing the weight classification as part of the Small UAS Potential Harm Analysis research project
Develop a suite of Advisory Circulars:
AC General
AC Training and Licensing
AC – Operations
AC – Operator Certification

19. Project Objective cont….
Phase 2
Development of new CASR Part 102
Separate from model aircraft, rockets, balloons
Further development of the weight classes

20. Conclusion New terminology that goes with this new technology
Level of Regulations needed to address the safe, secure and efficient integration of RPA into non-segregated airspace and aerodromes.
Airworthiness Issues and Type Certification
Technology needs to be developed for Detect and Avoid
Airspace Integration Issues
Spectrum Challenges
Issues and Challenges facing the UAS community
CASA RPAS Regulatory Developments

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23. X 51 WAVERIDER

24. Questions?