1. Regulations & Certification
Verification & Validation of Autonomous Systems –
Future Air Regulation
Regulations & Certification
22nd February 2016
Michael Gadd Policy Specialist, UAS and Spaceplanes
Safety and Airspace Regulation Group

2. Introduction
Regulations
Certification
Challenges

3. But First … Definitions
Autonomous Aircraft : An unmanned aircraft that does not allow pilot intervention in the management of the flight (ICAO).
Autonomous operation:
An operation during which a remotely-piloted aircraft is operating without pilot intervention in the management of the flight (ICAO).
This does not mean there is no pilot.
Current legislation requires one pilot per aircraft as the person responsible for the safety of the flight (Convention Art. 8).
So when an aircraft is operating autonomously, it may be that the responsibility is simply transferred to the designer or manufacturer.
Ref. ICAO RPAS Manual – Doc , 1st Edition

4. The regulatory environment
Regulations …
The regulatory environment
Individual responsibility
Risk/safety/security picture and different agency roles
Enforcement
Insurance
The societal aspects
Public perceptions – risk vs benefits
Privacy / intrusion
Environmental – nuisance/noise
Education – users vs ‘recievers’

5. The “how to assure …safe enough…”
Certification …
The “how to assure …safe enough…”
Higher Risk:
Well tested, approval based framework:
Individual “pillars” – Airworthiness, Operations, Competency, Airspace
Airworthiness -Type Certificate, Restricted TC / Permit to Fly
Lower Risk:
CONOPS framework:
“end to end” usage approach
Specific and Open Categories (UAS)

6. The challenges The Challenges …
Legislative frameworks and responsibility in a global market based economy
Technology – COTS and Info Tech rather than aerospace
Processes, Costs, Timelines and Skillsets

7. The Future - A Sci-Fi View ?
1968 -
Bladerunner
1985 – B-T-T-F 1
Supercar
Thank You
2012 – Total Recall
1997 – 5th Element
“Roads?
Where we’re going we don’t need roads”