Chapter 9 Shock

In order to survive… There are 3 conditions that are necessary to maintain adequate blood flow in the body The heart must be working well An adequate amount of oxygen-rich blood must circulate the body Blood vessels must be intact and able to adjust blood flow

What is shock? A life threatening situation in which the body is not getting enough blood flow If there is not enough blood flow the body is not getting enough oxygen and nutrients to function Shock requires immediate attention; as many organs can be damaged/begin to shut down As many as 1 in 5 people who suffer from shock will die from it

What causes shock? TWO causes Severe Injuries that involve rapid blood loss Significant fluid loss Bleeding Vomiting Diarrhea

Shock: Signs & Symptoms Restlessness & irritability Altered state of consciousness Pale or ashen, bluish, cool, moist skin Rapid breathing Rapid/weak pulse Excessive thirst Nausea/vomiting

Domino Effect of Shock Severe bleeding Heart beats faster to compensate for lose of blood Rapid pulse = more blood lose =volume drop Increased workload for heart mean more oxygen needed = breathing becomes faster Blood vessels constrict to protect vital organs from blood loss = Pale, cool, moist skin Lack of O2 causes tissue death in the arms and legs Brain now sends signals to return blood to arms and legs Vital organs now are not receiving adequate O2 Heart beats faster to compensate Blood loss worsens Domino Effect of Shock

Shock: Care Help victim lie down on their back Elevate feet about 12 inches to help blood circulation Do not elevate if… Nauseated/trouble breathing Suspect a head/neck/back injury Moving causes more pain

Shock: Care Do not give the victim anything to eat/drink Their condition could require surgery Monitor the victims breathing/consciousness Keep the victim from being chilled/overheated Make them as comfortable as possible Reassure the victim Control external bleeding

Common Types of Shock Anaphylactic Life threatening allergic reaction May cause airway to swell affecting ability to breathe Insect stings, food, drugs

Common Types of Shock Cardiogenic Failure of the heart to effectively circulate blood to all parts of the body Occurs with a heart attack

Common Types of Shock Hypovolemic Severe bleeding or loss of blood plasma Occurs with internal or external wounds or burns Severe fluid loss, as from vomiting or diarrhea

Common Types of Shock Neurogenic Disruption of the autonomic nervous system; results in blood vessels expanding and creating a drop in blood pressure Caused by fluid loss, trauma to nervous system, emotional shock Fainting

Common Types of Shock Septic Toxins cause by severe infection cause the blood vessels to dilate Causes organ failure & dangerously low blood pressure