Mikrodenetleyiciler/Mikrokontrolörler (Microcontrollers) Bu Sunu http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmvUY4S0UbI Adresindeki Video İçeriği Kullanılarak Hazırlanmıştır.

The Intel 4004, The First CPU (November 1971) http://www. cpushack The first single chip CPU was the Intel 4004, a 4-bit processor meant for a calculator. It processed data in 4 bits, but its instructions were 8 bits long. Program and Data memory were separate, 1K data memory and a 12-bit PC for 4K program memory. There were also sixteen 4-bit (or eight 8-bit) general purpose registers. The 4004 had 46 instructions, using only 2,300 transistors in a 16-pin DIP. It ran at a clock rate of 740 kHz. The 4040 (1972) was an enhanced version of the 4004, adding 14 instructions, larger (8 level) stack, 8K program space, and interrupt abilities.

TI TMS 1000, The First Microcontroller (1974) http://www. cpushack Texas Instruments (TI) followed the Intel 4004/4040 closely with the 4-bit TMS 1000, which was the first microprocessor to include enough RAM, and space for a program ROM, and I/O support on a single chip to allow it to operate without multiple external support chips, making it the first microcontroller.

Programming Levels of Microcontrollers

Let the PTC resistance be x and the other resistor has a resistance y where y is a constant. Then the voltage across the PTC is x*5V/(x+y). Let the temperature in celsius be t. Then x=t+75.

3-bit Flash ADC (Parallel ADC) (3-bit Resolution) Voltage Divider (Gerilim Bölücü) Comparators (Karşılaştırıcılar) Öncelikli Kodlayıcı http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_4/chpt_13/4.html

Applications of Microcontrollers Consumer electronics cell phones, pagers, digital cameras, camcorders, video cassette recorders, portable video games, calculators, and personal digital assistants • Home appliances microwave ovens, answering machines, thermostat, home security, washing machines, and lighting systems • Office automation fax machines, copiers, printers, and scanners • Business equipment cash registers, alarm systems, card readers, product scanners, and automated teller machines • Automobiles transmission control, cruise control, fuel injection, anti-lock brakes, and active suspension.

Some Basic Criteria for Microcontroller Selection Microcontroller should have: Descriptive reference documentation available Simple development environment Processing frequency higher than 8 MHz Digital, Analog and PWM pins available (How many of them?) Low voltage (operating voltage 3-5V ) Affordable price (<$10.00) The necessary communication protocols (UART & SPI) http://www.eecs.ucf.edu/seniordesign/fa2013sp2014/g08/finalPresentation.pptx

MSP430FG4618 vs. ATmega328P Features MSP430FG4618 ATmega328P-PU Data Bus (core size) 16 bit 8 bit Speed 8MHz Storage 16KB 32KB Memory 8KB 2KB Digital I/O 80 14 Analog I/O 12 6 Supply voltage 1.8 - 3.6V 1.8 - 5.5V UART & SPI yes Price /chip FREE (LQFP) FREE (DIP) http://www.eecs.ucf.edu/seniordesign/fa2013sp2014/g08/finalPresentation.pptx