Prehistoric Cultures The first people in the Americas came over the Bering land bridge, a piece of land between Asia and Alaska nearly 15,000 – 30,000 years ago. They were Hunter Gatherers – people who survive by searching for wild plants and animals

Bering Land Bridge

Prehistory Prehistory is the time before written records. Prehistoric cultures did not leave written records but they did leave artifacts. Artifacts are objects made by humans that show how they once lived. Have you actually seen any of the artifacts below that were made by the Native Americans?

Native American Cultures of Texas The Southeastern Culture The Gulf Culture The Plains Culture The Puebloan Culture

You will be using the map on page 101 in your textbook to label the Cultures and Tribes as we go through the PowerPoint together.

The Southeastern Culture Indian Tribe Caddo grew corn / hunted traded / made pottery had rankings such as leaders and village elders lived in grass huts Were they nomadic or sedentary (sed·en·tar·y) ? When the Caddoes met the first Spanish explorers they cried “Tay-yas Tay-yas”. What name originated from this saying? What does it mean? They lived along what river? What region did the Caddo live in?

2. The Gulf Culture Indian Tribes Karankawa: (believed to have practiced ceremonial cannibalism) Coahuiltecan: Atakapan: were hunters and fishermen Plants were part of their diet. lived in grass huts traveled by canoe What region did they live in? Were they nomadic or sedentary?

3. Plains Culture Indian Tribes Apache Comanche Kiowa Tonkawa Hunted and were dependent on the buffalo, and were fierce warriors Lived in tipis (an entire camp could be packed up in 30 minuts) Were introduced to horses by the Europeans Were they nomadic or sedentary? What region did they live in?

4. Puebloan Culture Indian Tribes Jumanos Tiguas Lived in homes made of adobe called pueblos hunters, farmers, traders Tiguas made pottery Were they nomadic or sedentary? What region did they live in?