Migration of Human Populations Unit 4 Migration of Human Populations

Explain the idea of a ripple effect amongst surrounding ecosystems. What are the three types of organisms in an ecosystem? What are the four climate zones? Explain the idea of continental drift? When did this start occurring? What are the four physical systems? Describe the water cycle in detail. (this answer should be a paragraph long) What is the difference between intended and unintended human modifications? Why does the government control how people modify the environment? What is an invasive species? Explain the process of slash and burn farming. Why does this system only work for a couple of years?

Vocabulary Sanitation – disposal of waste products Demographics – science of social statistics like death, birth, disease, etc. Migration – movement of people from place to place Distribution – to disperse through a space or area Urbanization – movement of people from rural areas into cities Kindergeld – child money paid to parents in Germany encouraging more children

Vocab continued… Topography – detailed mapping or charting of features of the Earth’s surface Voluntary – done on ones own accord or by free choice Involuntary - being forced to do something, not by choice Sovereignty – self rule like a king or supreme ruler

World’s Population 7.2 Billion people live on Earth People inhabit 30% of the land on Earth Population is rapidly growing for various reasons

Global Population Graph What was the Earth’s population in 1900? When did global population begin to rise sharply? Predict the reason why the population began to increase sharply during that time period.

Reasons for Population Growth Birth rates exceed the death rates Death rate – number of deaths per year for every 1000 people Birth rate – number of births per year for every 1000 people

Reasons continued…….. History: Past 200 years of improvement Healthcare increased Food supplies increased Sanitation and living conditions improved Advances in technology

Around the World Birth Rates are very high in Africa, Asia, and Latin America Doubling Time – number of years it takes the population to double Wealthy industrialized countries have a long doubling time (ex: 300 years) Rural poorer countries tend to have a faster doubling time (ex: 50 years)

Checking for understanding Why would a rural area like Africa, Asia, or Latin America have faster doubling times? What type of lifestyle needs a faster doubling time in order to help the economy? In your own words, explain how the opening of a new hospital can benefit a community. What advantages do people now have with a hospital close by? (one paragraph)

Results from Population growth Increase in Population means an increase in food supply Only continent to not increase is Africa Need more natural resources (food shortages) Increase in technology and creativity (more minds at work)

Negative Population Growth The population has decreased over time It is hard to find enough workers (hurts the economy) Must get workers from foreign countries Encourages immigration and work permits Germany and Austria suffered from this in the 1900’s

Population distribution Pop. Distribution is the pattern of human settlement Most people live near fertile soil, available water, and climate without harsh extremes Most densely populated continents: Europe and Asia

Population density Pop. Density is the average number of people living in a square mile Divide the total population by it’s land area Densities range from 8 (Canada) to 2,639 (Bangladesh) people in a sq. mile

End of Section 1 Questions Define – birth rate, death rate, population distribution, population density, doubling time How might the population growth rates of developing countries be affected as they become increasingly industrialized? What will happen to the standard of living in cities as urbanization increases? Draw a Venn Diagram comparing: Effects of Zero Population growth and effects of Negative Population Growth (3 for each)