Unit 9 – Developmental Psychology Grudge Unit 9 – Developmental Psychology

A human organism from after the embryonic stage until birth. Fetus

Awareness that objects still exist when out of sight. Object Permanence

Piaget’s second stage where children learn to use language and demonstrates egocentrism. Preoperational Stage

In women, the ending of the menstrual cycle around age 50. Menopause

The ability to understand that a quantity does not change even when it is arranged differently. Conservation

An emotional tie with another person. Attachment

The process by which certain animals form attachments during the critical period. Humans do not do this. Imprinting

A sense of one’s identity and personal worth. Self-concept

Parenting style where parents impose rules and expect obedience. Authoritarian

Kohlberg’s third stage where people promote society’s welfare and look to promote justice. Post Conventional

Crystallized Intelligence Your accumulated intelligence. This increases up to old age. Crystallized Intelligence

First menstrual period at about age 12, marks female fertility. Menarche

The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the 2nd month. Embryo

The two aspects of life that dominate adulthood. Love and Work

Secondary Sex Characteristics The non-reproductive sex characteristics (breasts, facial hair, Adam’s apple, etc.) Secondary Sex Characteristics

Formal Operational Stage Piaget’s fourth stage where children think logically about abstract concepts and reason. Formal Operational Stage

Midlife Transition (Crisis) A supposed time of great struggle and regret as people enter their 40s. Midlife Transition (Crisis)

Psychologist known for his Zone of Proximal Development. Lev Vygotsky

This occurs when a newborn’s cheek is touched, they look for a nipple to feed. Rooting Reflex

Parenting style where parents submit to kids’ desires, not enforcing limits or standards for child behavior. Permissive

The transition period from childhood to adulthood. Adolescence

Substances such as viruses and chemicals that can damage the developing embryo/fetus. Teratogens

Process by which we incorporate new information into our existing schemas. Assimilation

Feeling that one’s life has been meaningful and worthwhile. Integrity

Psychologist known for his Theory of Cognitive Development. Jean Piaget

The period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing. Puberty

Male fertility milestone marked by first ejaculation of semen with viable sperm at about age 14. Spermarche

Parents enforce rules, limits, and standards, but also explain, discuss, listen, and express respect for child’s ideas and wishes. Authoritative

Piaget’s first stage where infants explore the world through looking, hearing, touching, mouthing, and grasping. Sensorimotor Stage

The feeling when you see people doing degrading or subhuman acts. Disgust

Mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. Cognition

The period shortly after birth when certain events must take place to facilitate proper development. Critical Period

Psychologist known for his Stages Theory of Psychosocial Development. Erik Erikson

The stages that all infants goes through which includes sitting unsupported, crawling, beginning to walk, and walking independently. Maturation

Psychologist known for his Stages Theory of Moral Development. Lawrence Kohlberg

Kohlberg’s first stage where people avoid punishment and further self-interests. Preconventional

Intelligence in which you have the ability to reason quickly and solve logic problems. This decreases as you age. Fluid Intelligence

Seeing the world from one’s own perspective and the inability to see reality from the perspective of another person. Egocentrism

A type of study in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period. Longitudinal Study

Sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy. Basic Trust

The fear of strangers by infants beginning at 8 months. Stranger Anxiety

Mental disintegration. Dementia

Process by which we modify our schemas to fit new information. Accommodation

The culturally preferred timing of social events like marriage, parenthood, and retirement. Social Clock

A fertilized egg. Zygote

Concrete Operational Stage Piaget’s third stage where children think logically about concrete events. They can now think mathematically. Concrete Operational Stage

The moment an egg and a sperm join to form a zygote. Conception

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Abnormalities cause by exposure to alcohol in the fetal stage. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Kohlberg’s second stage where people conform, live up to expectations of others and maintain law and order. Conventional

The lack of memory of events from age 1 – 3. Infantile Amnesia

Disorder marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding others’ state of mind. Autism

Primary Sex Characteristics The reproductive organs (ovaries, uterus, and testes) and external genitals (vulva and penis). Primary Sex Characteristics

To discern right from wrong and to act in the right way. Morality

The feeling people get when seeing people show exceptional generosity, compassion, or courage. Elevation

Cross-Sectional Study A type of study in which people of different ages are compared with one another. Cross-Sectional Study

A progressive and irreversible brain disorder which reduces memory, reasoning, language, and physical functioning. Alzheimer’s Disease

Mental representations that organize and categorize information processed by our brains. Schema