BELLWORK: August 28th Today we are going to start our study of the Indus River Valley civilization. To begin, read “The Impact of Geography” on pages 36-37 and answer the following: List three geographical features that impacted the development of the Indus River Valley civilization. How did the Indian climate impact farming? Describe the customary practice of suttee. (pg. 39) THINKER: Why is it important to study world religions in history class?

Indus River Valley Civilization South Asian Civilization arose in 2500B.C. Rivers: Indus & Ganges Mountain ranges: Hindu Kush & Himalayas Two major cities: Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro Two major groups: Harappans (3000BC-1500BC) & Aryans (1500BC-600BC)

Harappa

Mohenjo-Daro https://connected.mcgraw-hill.com/media/repository/protected_content/COMPOUND/50000083/17/82/WHG_SC_C02_L3_ii02/network_frame.html?mghCourseID=D3T7OXOMZOS8V95QLYM5YKQJ9Q

To learn more about the Indus River Valley civilization, read pages 37-39; 108-111 and complete the worksheet for notes!

BELLWORK: August 29th Describe three achievements of the Harappan civilization. How did the Harappan civilization end? How did the Aryans come to power? List three aspects of the Aryan culture. THINKER: What was the Caste System?

Describe three achievements of the Harappan civilization.

Harappan Civilization Urban centers were well planned & organized Streets, wells = availability of water, trash/sewage disposal Production of clay pots, bronze, jewelry, and cotton Traded with people of Mesopotamia How did the Harappan civilization end? Harappan Civilization collapsed by 1500 B.C. Severe climate changes (heat & flooding) Natural disasters (earthquake) Foreign migration (searching for better/more land)

Who were the Aryans? How did they come to power?

The Aryans (1500-600 BC) Nomadic people from the North (Indo-European) Migrated south & settled where Harappa used to be (over centuries) Called themselves Aryans (“noble people”) Warriors – took over the area

List three aspects of the Aryan Culture.

The Aryans (1500-600 BC) Sanskrit language Domesticated horses for military use Iron plow & weapons Rise of Hinduism (polytheistic) Brought order and organization to society (Family unit, gender roles, caste system) Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, lived here and started the faith of Buddhism 

What is the Caste System?

Review: Important Terms Varna Caste System Karma Reincarnation

Hindu & Caste System Video Clips Reincarnation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KloXPIDYwII Caste System explained & comparison to Egypt: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SV78-ad8tpw The Untouchable Kids of India (start at 1:00) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J2kXQgSKI6w

The Caste System The Aryans developed a social system consisting of four main social classes or varnas. This system became the foundation of Hinduism. Each varna had it’s own duties. Brahmin Kshatriyas Vaisyas Sudras Dalit (Untouchables) Based on their religious beliefs, if one had good karma, they could be reincarnated into a higher caste. (does not apply to untouchables) Only men could go to school & teach; women had no rights

Create your own caste system diagram in your notes!!!

BELLWORK: Block 2 What is the worst aspect of the Caste System? Why? If this system is so restrictive, why do millions of people still follow it? What would need to happen in order to successfully abolish the Caste System? THINKER: What is a philosophy? How is this different than religion?

Ancient China Pgs. 40-44; 130-132

Chinese Civilizations Formed along the Huang River Valley. Did not have contact with outside civilizations Ancient China was ruled by dynasties

Chinese Civilizations Ancient China was ruled by two dynasties: Shang dynasty: 1750BC – 1045BC Zhou dynasty: 1045BC – 256BC

Reading: Ancient China Pages 40-44 Pages 130-132 Read about the Shang and Zhou dynasties Describe government, technology, culture, religion and decline Summarize the main points! Chinese Philosophies and Schools of Thought Confucianism vs. Daoism

Review How did the Shang dynasty rule China? List three achievements of the Shang. Describe the transition from the Shang to the Zhou dynasty. What was the Mandate of Heaven? How was this tied to dynastic rulers? List three achievements of the Zhou.

How did the Shang dynasty rule China?

Shang Dynasty 1750BC – 1045BC Government was based off land ownership King appointed leaders to rule local territories (aristocracy) Religion: Believed in the afterlife and worshiped ancestors; believed priests could communicate with gods (oracle bones) Used large armies, bronze weapons and chariots to conquer territory Cultural achievements: bronze objects, ivory, silk, pottery, and the creation of cities. Describe the transition from the Shang to the Zhou dynasty.

Zhou Dynasty List three achievements of the Zhou dynasty. In 1045BC, the Shang king was killed (tyrant!) and a new dynasty came to power, the Zhou. (JOH) Ruled by the Mandate of Heaven Priests had the authority to call upon the gods and predict the future Agricultural system: nobles owned the land and peasants worked it. Technological advances: roads, horses, cross-bow, iron plows, irrigation & expanded foreign trade (silk) Under the Zhou, China became the most populated country in the world. After 800 years of rule, internal violence & civil wars challenged the king’s rule.

Daoism vs. Confucianism??

Ancient River Valley Civilizations

Vocab Squares: Asian Civilization Beliefs To start: divide your paper into eight squares. Each term = 4 squares Caste System, Confucianism, Daoism & Buddhism Each square is dedicated to a different concept and is meant to further your understanding of important historical concepts. These need to be summarized and in your own words! Show your understanding!

TERM Description & Explanation (3 sentences!) Vocabulary (terms, people, events) Story Create a sample story or anecdote that relates to this belief system. Picture Represent the key ideas in a visual way! TERM

BELLWORK: September 1st Read about Buddhism on pages 112-115 and answer the following: Describe Siddhartha’s early life. What made him leave? What happened as a result of Siddhartha’s meditation? What is nirvana? In your own words, summarize The “Four Noble Truths.” In your opinion, which aspect of “The Middle Path” is most important? Why? How did Siddhartha challenge Hinduism? THINKER: Why is Buddhism classified as a philosophy and NOT a religion?

Venn Diagram: India vs. China