Bovine Mastitis
Normal udder
Vascularisation of udder
Mastitis-inflammed udder
What are Milk quarters? Made of 4 independent glands Interconnected by blood supply Milk does not pass from 1 quarter to other 4 quarter Fore and Hind quarter
What is mastitis The most costly disease affecting dairy cattle throughout cattle. Inflammation of 1 or more than 1quarter of udder. Inflamed- swelling, pain, warm, redness, heat
Economic impact of mastitis Milk discarded due to medication , presence of bacteria, white blood cells Decreased milk production Bacteria, blood cells, enzymes Decreasing lactose, casein and fat production Increase in SCC.
What are health concerns of mastitis Animal health Loss of functional quarter Lowered milk production Death of cow Human health Poor quality milk Antibiotic residues in milk
Subclinical mastitis Udder appears normal Milk appears normal Elevated somatic cell count Lowered milk output Long duration
Clinical mastitis 5-10% of all mastitis cases Severe and moderate Includes systemic involvement Acute and chronic Acute- severe type of mastitis Loss of appetite Depression Clots/flakes of blood are present Chronic type- fibrosis, atrophy of mammary gland
What causes of mastitis Bacteria-70%,streptococci, staphylococci, coliform, E.coli,M.bovis S.aureus, s. agalactiae, c.bovis Yeast and molds-2% Unknown- 28% Physical Trauma Weather extremes Contaminated teat dips, skin lesion, mud hole,flies
Where do these organisms come from Infected udder Environment Bedding Soil Water Manure Replacement animals
Sitting posture of cow
Milking machine for cattle
Diagnosis -California mastitis test CMT Milk from uninfected cow has less than 2,00000 scc/ml. A detergent based test Composed of alkyl aryl sulfonate Sodium hydroxide Bromocresol purple Scoring of milk samples Grade 1, 2,3 Alternatively surf test
CMT
Milk paddle
Treatment Intrammary infusion Bovaclox-cloxacillin Cefasafe-cephapirine benzathine Spectrazole- cefuroxime Cepravine-cephalonium Oxytetracycline 11mg/kg B.w
Intrammary infusion
Control of mastitis Milking machine maintenance Teat dipping Early treatment of clinical cases Culling cows with chronic mastitis Vascularisation of udder Mastitis