Techniques and safe practice Internally / Externally caused injuries injury Techniques and safe practice Internally / Externally caused injuries

INTERNALLY CAUSED INJURIES These are where the performer is solely responsible. Overuse injuries: caused by training or performing too much. E.g. Stress fractures, muscle and tendon injuries. - tennis elbow -cartilage damage (footballers)

INTERNALLY CAUSED INJURIES These are where the performer is solely responsible. 2. Sudden injuries: when taking part in physical activity there is a strain put on the body owing to lots of stretching, twisting and turning. E.g. Hamstring pulls.

EXTERNALLY CAUSED INJURIES Caused by factors other than the performer, e.g. Equipment, an opponent or playing conditions. Foul Play or incorrect actions (including poor technique): involves other players, injuries can often be serious. Rules are to prevent them happening.

EXTERNALLY CAUSED INJURIES Caused by factors other than the performer, e.g. Equipment, an opponent or playing conditions. 2. Impact Injuries: Many sports permit contact. Rugby, football and hockey for example. There can also be contact with equipment (goal posts, football boots, hockey sticks or vaulting boxes) There could also be contact with the playing surface, hard court, sports hall or artificial turf.

COMMON INJURIES Strains Strains are classed as soft tissue injuries and can happen when a muscle is twisted or wrenched.

Sprains Are damage to joints and are also classed as soft tissue injuries. Sprains can happen when an ankle or a wrist is twisted suddenly, when a performer lands badly for example.

TORN CARTILAGE Is a soft tissue injury and occurs when a joint is twisted excessively, usually when changing direction or pivoting at speed.

FRACTURES Fractures are hard tissue injuries and occur when an excessive impact or force is put on the bone. This can happen from a blow or a twist. When a bone is fractured, the limb becomes immobile and there is extreme pain.

Ouch.....

Types of fracture A simple or closed fracture is when the break of the bone is under the skin.

COMPOUND OR OPEN A compound or open fracture is when the broken end of the bone comes through the skin. This can cause complications as there is risk of infection from germs entering the body where the skin is broken

CONCUSSION Concussion can result from a blow to the head and cause temporary unconsciousness or incapacity. These effects are sometimes only evident some time after the incident. Temporary loss of consciousness can occur from a direct blow to the head caused by the impact

HYPOTYHERMIA Hypothermia is an extreme environmental injury brought on by a rapid drop in the body’s inner core temperature to below 35°C due to cold weather

TREATMENT OF INJURIES The RICE procedure can be used to treat soft tissue injuries. RICE stands for:

REST

ICE

COMPRESSION

ELEVATION