Ancient Greece Study Cards

What is the word for the territories of Ancient Greece?

What is the word for the territories of Ancient Greece? Polis or city-states

Describe Greek city states.

Describe Greek city states. Mostly surrounded by farmland No more than 20,000 people Covered approximately 100sq miles Mostly near Aegean Sea Spoke mostly Greek

What is aristocracy?

What is aristocracy? Few noble or upper-class families hold power Means “rule of the best”

What is tyranny?

What is tyranny? One man is the dictator Seizes power illegally

What is oligarchy?

What is oligarchy? Ruled by few rich men Means “rule by few”

What is democracy?

What is democracy? Power is shared by large number of citizens Citizens debate, decide policy and elect officials

Which form of government became the pattern for most city-states?

Which form of government became the pattern for most city-states? democracy

What was the Athenian Assembly?

What was the Athenian Assembly? The group that passed laws, levied taxes and voted on issues of war and peace

What were the citizenship requirements in Athens?

What were the citizenship requirements in Athens? Must be male Must be 18 years old May not be a slave Must have two Athenian parents

What was most important to Spartans?

What was most important to Spartans? Military ability

Which god was honored by the Olympic games?

Which god was honored by the Olympic games? Zeus

What was the Olympic Truce?

What was the Olympic Truce? A time of no fighting

What caused the Persian Wars?

What caused the Persian Wars? The people of Miletus rebelled against Persian rule and asked the Greeks to overthrow Persia

What happened at the battle of Marathon?

What happened at the battle of Marathon? The Greeks defeated the Persians even though they were badly outnumbered

What happened at the battle of Thermopylae?

What happened at the battle of Thermopylae? A Greek traitor told the Persians how to surround the Greek army along the narrow pass

How did the Greeks win the battle of Salamis?

How did the Greeks win the battle of Salamis? The Greeks led the Persians through shallow waters – their boats got stuck and were easy targets for the Greeks

Name Pericles’ major accomplishments.

Name Pericles’ major accomplishments. Strengthened democracy by convincing Athenians to pay citizens for government work, allowing poor citizens to participate in government Encouraged the rebuilding of the acropolis after it had been destroyed in the Persian wars Patron of the arts and supported dramatists, painters, sculptors, and architects

What is the Acropolis?

What is the Acropolis? A complex of buildings that overlooked Athens

What is the most famous building in the Acropolis?

What is the most famous building in the Acropolis? The Parthenon

Which god did the Parthenon honor?

Which god did the Parthenon honor? Athena

What was the Peloponnesian League?

What was the Peloponnesian League? An alliance of city-states which included Sparta Named for Peloponnesus, a mountainous peninsula where Sparta, Thebes, and Corinth were located Designed to counteract Athenian supremacy

What started the Peloponnesian War?

What started the Peloponnesian War? Relations between Athens and the Peloponnesian League began to deteriorate

What was Athens war strategy?

What was Athens war strategy? Use their strong navy and avoid land battle

Who won the Peloponnesian War?

Who won the Peloponnesian War and who lost? Sparta, the Peloponnesian League, won Athens lost

What happened to Athens because they lost the war?

What happened to Athens because they lost the war? They had to tear down their city walls They lost their navy Democracy was banned A Spartan king was put in charge

How was Socrates different from earlier philosophers?

How was Socrates different from earlier philosophers? He was less concerned about where the world came from He was more concerned with how humans ought to behave

What is the Socratic method?

What is the Socratic method? A teaching method where the teacher asks a series of questions leading the student to discover the answer for him or herself

How did Socrates die?

How did Socrates die? He was put on trial for misleading young Athenian men He was sentenced to death He was poisoned

How did Plato differ from Socrates?

How did Plato differ from Socrates? Plato used traditional teaching methods He taught in an academy rather than the streets He was more concerned about what the ideal of goodness was than about helping people realize how they were living

List Aristotle’s major contributions to society.

List Aristotle’s major contributions to society. He developed the basics of scientific research by collecting facts, analyzing them, and developing theories He wrote books on how to lead good and just lives He wrote books on government and said “the purpose of the state was to make the good life possible for its slaves”

What areas did Alexander conquer?

What areas did Alexander conquer? Greece Persia Iran Afghanistan Turkey The Middle East Egypt Part of India

What is the Hellenistic period?

What is the Hellenistic period? The period after Alexander’s death, when Greek culture spread to the Mediterranean world

What is the library of Alexandria?

What is the library of Alexandria? A library with more than 700,000 scrolls Attracted many thinkers of the ancient world