Chapter 10 Ecosystems p. 317 - 329.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Energy Flow 3-2 Biology Flora.
Advertisements

Ecology.
ecology ecosystem abiotic
POWER FOR LIFE’S PROCESSES Energy Flow. Producers Sunlight is the primary source of energy source for life on earth. Plants, algae, and some bacteria.
1 Energy Flow Through in Ecosystems Lesson 1 Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy Pyramids.
ECOSYSTEMS REQUIRE AN ENERGY SOURCE
Gateway Review Chemistry Ecology Review. Energy Flow flow of energy through an ecosystem flow: Producers  Consumers  Decomposers Food Chains – series.
Unit 2 Ecology Ch. 3 The Biosphere. What Is Ecology?  Like all organisms, we interact with our environ.  To understand these interactions better & to.
How is an organism’s energy role determined in an ecosystem?
Ecosystem Structure.
Energy Flow. Sunlight is the MAIN source of energy for all life on Earth Only plants, some algae, and certain bacteria can capture energy from the sun.

Energy Flow in the Biosphere,
Ecology.
Ecology. What is Ecology? Ecology is the study of interactions among organisms (biotic factors) and between organisms and their environment (abiotic factors).
Energy Flow In An Ecosystem Unit 11 - Ecology. Producers  The most important part of an ecosystem  Without a constant energy source, living things cannot.
Energy Flow: Autotrophs
Ecosystem Components Producers – Basis of an ecosystem’s energy – Autotrophs: perform photosynthesis to make sugars – Chemotrophs: Bacteria which use.
Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Energy Flow in Ecosystems -Biotic v. Abiotic Factors -Trace the flow of energy through living systems. -Identify the three.
U nit 1: Ecology ENERGY FLOW. Energy Flow  Every organism’s interaction with the environment is to fulfill its need for energy to power life’s processes.
4 levels of organization
Where does the flow of energy in an ecosystem begin? The sun provides the radiant energy necessary for all the organisms in an ecosystem. Autotrophs (or.
Chapter 10 Ecosystems. What is an ecosystem? An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with one another and with the nonliving components.
Click to edit Master subtitle style 29/09/2016 Ecosystems.
2.1 Energy Flow in Ecosystems
What Shapes an Ecosystem?
Energy Flow In order to live out its life, an organism must obtain energy through some means Sunlight is the main source of energy for life on Earth.
ECOSYSTEM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
2.1 Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Ecosystem Structure.
Unit 18: Energy and Nutrient Transfer
The Living World: Ecosystems (Chapter 10)
2.1 Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Ecology: Ecosystems Chapter 55.
3–2 Energy Flow Objectives:
Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem
Chapter 10 Ecosystems p
Almost all energy on Earth comes from the sun.
Energy Flow: Autotrophs
Ch. 3 The Biosphere.
Ecology.
Ecology – Part 2 The Cycling of Matter and Energy in Ecosystems General Biology Name__________________.
Interdependence of Living Things
1. The Biosphere Life on Earth.
Chapter 10 Ecosystems p
Basics of Ecosystems.
Chapter 10 Ecosystems p
Energy Flow
ECOSYSTEM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
The Interdependence of Living Things
Energy Flow
3-2 Energy Flow.
Starter Name 3 abiotic factors and 3 biotic factors in the ecosystem on the right. What makes up an ecosystem?
Transfer of Energy Chapter 3-2
Flow of Energy in Ecosystems
Ecology.
ECOSYSTEMS: Energy Flow Food Chains
Energy Transfer in Ecosystems
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
3–2 Energy Flow Objectives:
Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Chapter 3 – The Biosphere
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
3-2 Energy Flow.
Energy Flow in an Ecosystem Pg. 3-5
Energy Flow in Ecosystems (LT 1.6)
Presentation transcript:

Chapter 10 Ecosystems p. 317 - 329

Vocabulary Ecosystem Tropic relationships and networks Producer, Consumer, Decomposer Photosynthesis Food chain/web Organic and Inorganic Matter Primary Productivity Biomass Disturbances Ecological Succession

What is an Ecosystem? A community of living organisms interacting with one another and with non-living parts of the environment they live in. Individual population community ecosystem Examples: forest, lake, island, mountain

Trophic Relationships Feeding connections among living organisms in an ecosystem. Can be represented by a food chain, (p.319). 3 trophic levels: Producers Consumers Decomposers

Producers Primarily plants in terrestrial ecosystems. Primarily algae and phytoplankton in aquatic ecosystems. Producers are autotrophic, (self feeding,) organisms. This means they can convert inorganic matter, (non-living), to organic, (living), matter. For example, plants convert carbon dioxide to glucose with help of solar energy. Autotrophs are at bottom of food chain, they introduce energy to an ecosystem. Photosynthesis is key!

Consumers Heterotrophic, (need others for nourishment), organisms that feed on other living organisms. 4 types: Primary, (1st order), feed on producers, seeds, fruit, (herbivores). 2nd, 3rd, 4th order consumers, eat consumers of preceding order, (usually carnivores, can also be omnivores).

Decomposers Organisms that feed on waste and remains of other living organisms, (detritus). Called detritivores, feed on dead leaves, wood, animal remains, excrement, etc. Decomposers break down organic material and convert it into inorganic material. Examples are worms, fungi, bacteria, some insects.

Trophic Networks More than one food chain is possible in an ecosystem. This means there are many trophic relationships. A trophic network illustrates all of them.

What We’ve Learned so far: Everything in an ecosystem is connected, living and non-living. Food chains link organisms in an ecosystem. Producers are at the bottom of a food chain, then consumers and finally decomposers. Producers convert inorganic material into organic. Decomposers convert organic material into inorganic. A trophic network shows all the possible food chains in an ecosystem.

Material Flow and Chemical Recycling Matter and energy are constantly exchanged between organisms. Law of conservation of mass: matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed. Chemical recycling is when decomposers break down organic matter into inorganic matter. This puts necessary nutrients back into the soil that producers will later need for growth. This allows an endless cycle of exchange in an ecosystem.

Flow of inorganic matter Flow of organic matter Decomposers Detritus Consumers Producers Environment Flow of inorganic matter Flow of organic matter

ENERGY = Energy Flow Sunlight is the primary source of energy. The sun is transformed into chemical energy by plants then passed on to consumers who eat them. From one trophic level to another, energy is cycled, but some is lost, (waste, movement, growth, reproduction, heat). So UNLIKE matter, energy is not recycled, we need a constant supply from the sun (p.325). ENERGY =

Primary Productivity in Ecosystems The amount of new biomass generated by producers. Biomass is the total mass of organic matter, (plant and animal), in an ecosystem. Primary productivity is important because it tells us how much energy is available to primary consumers and therefore limits the # of organisms that can live in an ecosystem. Influenced by: Sunlight (needed for photosynthesis) Water (needed for photosynthesis) Nutrients (C, N, P, K) Temperature

Polar Desert: Few producers = low productivity Rainforest: Many producers = high productivity

Disturbances Events that damage an ecosystem. Can lead to elimination of organisms or can alter the availability of resources. 2 types: Natural (environmental), such as storms, flooding, forest fires, volcanic eruptions, drought, etc. Human (caused by people), such as litter, logging, oil spills, etc.

Ecological Succession The series of changes that occur in ecosystems after a disturbance. These changes will continue until a balance is restored. One small change can alter an entire ecosystem.