1. Almost all energy on Earth comes from the sun.
Energy Flow
Almost all energy on Earth comes from the sun.

2. Sun
Main energy source
Photosynthesis

3. Bacteria
Producers
Sunlight or Chemical
Autotrophs
Algae
Plants

4. Photosynthesis
Light energy into carbohydrates
Produces O2

6. Chemosynthesis Use energy in chemical bonds to produce carbs
Found – no light present

7. Consumers
Acquire energy from others by eating
AKA:Heterotrophs

8. Six Types of Consumer
Carnivore
Herbivore
Omnivore

9. Six Types of Consumer
Scavenger
Decomposer
Detritivore
Detritus

10. Energy Relationships

11. Environment producers consumers  decomposers.
Food Chains
One-way energy flow
Environment producers consumers  decomposers.

12. Food Chains
Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy from eating or being eaten
Arrows point towards consumer

13. Food Web
Network of complex interactions formed by feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem

14. Video on food web

15. Ecological Pyramids
Shows the relative amount of energy contained within each trophic level in a food chain

16. Trophic Levels Trophic – Greek “trophe” Food or nourishment
Producers = 1st trophic level
Consumers = 2nd levels & higher

17. Trophic Levels Read from bottom to top of pyramid 1st trophic level
Producers
2nd trophic level
Primary consumers
Herbivores or omnivores
3rd trophic level
Secondary consumers
Carnivores or omnivores
4th + trophic levels
Tertiary (Quad) consumers
Top predators - carnivores

18. Types of Pyramids 1. Energy Pyramids
10% energy transferred up to next level as organisms feed on one another.
The rest is lost as HEAT.

19. Amount of mass in each trophic level, or biomass.
Types of Pyramids
2. Biomass Pyramids
Amount of mass in each trophic level, or biomass.

20. Number of organisms at each trophic level. Higher # at LOWER levels.
Types of Pyramids
3. Pyramid of numbers
Number of organisms at each trophic level.
Higher # at LOWER levels.